Wes Swearingen served as an FBI agent from 1951 until he retired in 1977. During that period he perpetrated or witnessed numerous violations of law by FBI agents and their operatives, heard revealing statements by other agents about their illegal activities, and read files which documented violations of the rights of American citizens.
The activities of FBI agents and their "informers" include warrantless break-ins, theft, fraud, kidnapping, perjury, fabrication of evidence, suborning of witness perjury, and murder. The targets were political dissidents: anyone FBI agents didn't like.
Swearingen details how members of the Black Panthers were murdered by FBI operatives, another was framed for a murder he didn't commit, and still others were prosecuted on trumped up charges.
He does not mention anything about the deaths of John or Robert Kennedy or Martin Luther King, but he describes an agency so deeply involved in criminal activity of every kind as to be capable of causing the deaths of those men and others who have died under mysterious circumstances.
He describes various files on political dissidents, called the "Security Index" and the "Reserve Index", which eventually included about 500,000 names, and which were the persons to be arrested without warrant and taken to detention areas in the event of a national security emergency. For those who are inclined to dismiss such concerns as paranoid, here is supporting evidence, notwithstanding the repeal of authorizing legislation in 1971, which would not stop people like these.
Swearingen provides an insider's view of the COINTELPRO program of suppression of political dissidents, but also tells us that the program continues to this day under another name, apparently without a paper trail.
He paints a picture of an agency riddled with corruption, incompetence, and inefficiency, composed of men who may have once been patriots, but who have been reduced to common criminals, whose crime fighting activities are limited at best and largely for show, with political repression being the primary mission.
Some may suggest that the FBI may have been reformed since Swearingen left the agency in 1977, and no longer does the things he describes. Certainly there have been some reform efforts, particularly during the period Edward Levi was Attorney-General, and we would expect another generation of agents to have taken the place of those Swearingen worked with, but available evidence, including continuing harassment of Wes by his former agency, indicate it has not been reformed at all.
There have been other books by former FBI agents that have told similar tales, such as William Turner, author of _Hoover's FBI: The Men and the Myth_, and books by former agents of the CIA, such as those by Philip Agee, John Stockwell, Victor Marchetti, Frank Snepp, and Ralph McGehee. It seems likely that similar books remain to be written by agents of almost every agency of the U.S. government, revealing them as criminal enterprises and implicating almost every employee as criminal conspirators. Such agents should read this book and begin gathering the evidence they will need to take out with them.
Even Swearingen still speaks with pride of his crimefighting activities, seemingly oblivious to the fact that there is no constitutional authority or federal jurisdiction for statutes against the offenses he was investigating, making enforcement in federal courts itself a criminal violation of the civil rights of the targets, even when they really are bad guys who deserve to be prosecuted under applicable state laws.
The most important thing this book reveals is the mindset of government agents, and the way otherwise good men get corrupted by the system of which they become a part. They are totally ignorant of the principles of constitutional republic government, and willing to do whatever works, regardless of legality. Their arrogance was revealed in a statement by Special Agent Joseph G. Deegan in 1977: "We are the only ones who know what is good for the country, and we are the only ones who can do anything about it." After reading this book and others, it is clear that this statement reflects a dangerous delusion of grandeur.
Anyone who is involved in any kind of politically significant activity, or who is concerned about the future of this country, needs to read this book to learn how government agents operate and how citizens can defend themselves against them, both in court and in the field. These agents are not very effective, and people should not be awed by them. Standing up to them works if one exercises a few simple precautions, such as taping all encounters and having witnesses around at all times. Going armed at all times may not be a bad idea, either.
WASHINGTON, March 9 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- The following statementis being issued by the Federation for American Immigration Reform. Today the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) issued a misleadingrelease announcing a significant increase in the number of hate groups andhate crimes over the last few years. The release then suggests that ournational debate over immigration reform has fueled the increase in both.Offering no criteria as to what constitutes a hate group, manipulating thedata for self-serving purposes, and then making broad, unsubstantiatedconclusions, this latest release from the SPLC constitutes one of its mostreckless charges to date. It is calculated to be inflammatory, tarnish thereputation of leading immigration reform groups, and shut down meaningfulpublic policy debate about immigration reform. When examined responsibly, the FBI hate crime data show a dramaticallydifferent story than the one the SPLC portrays. First, in order to suggestan artificially large increase in the raw number of hate crimes, the SPLCselects 2003 as its base year, one of lowest years on record for hatecrimes against Hispanics. If one compares the number of hate crimes between1995 (the earliest report available on the FBI's website) and 2006 (themost recent statistical year available), one would see that the number ofhate crimes has increased only 17 percent. But even this is not the whole story. The SPLC conveniently forgets toindex the raw hate crime data with the population, a step always taken bythe FBI to more accurately depict an increase or decrease in crime. Thus,when one indexes a 17 percent increase in hate crimes against Hispanicswith a 67 percent increase in the Hispanic population between 1995 and2006, it becomes clear that the rate of hate crimes against Hispanics hasin fact dropped dramatically -- by about 40 percent. This reduction in the rate of hate crimes against Hispanics is evenmore apparent when one considers that the number of law enforcementagencies that participate in the FBI's hate crime data collection programincreased 33 percent between 1995 and 2006. Between 2003 and 2006 alone,the number of law enforcement agencies participating in the FBI's hatecrime data collection program increased by over 700. Finally, the SPLC claims that there has been substantial growth in thenumber of "hate groups" since 2000. However, the SPLC provides nodefinition of a "hate group" and offers no objective criteria that it usesto classify organizations as such. The SPLC appears to think that it canstick this label onto any organization it wishes, including long-standing,highly-regarded immigration reform organizations such as the Federation forAmerican Immigration Reform (FAIR) without being challenged as to itsmotivations or methodology. FAIR is confident the media and the Americanpeople will see through the SPLC's deceitful tactics. "There is no level of hate crime that is acceptable -- period," saysDan Stein, President of FAIR. "However, the SPLC's calculated abuse of theterm 'hate group' and manipulation of hate crime data for self-servingpolitical interests is an affront to hate crime victims and those whoadvocate on their behalf. The SPLC manipulates data to reach deceitfulconclusions, tosses the term 'hate group' at highly-respected organizationslike FAIR, and then mixes the two in an attempt to stop our national debateover immigration reform. But this is consistent with the SPLC's growingpractice of making allegations with no factual basis, no criteria andsadly, no one challenging their increasing habit of playing fast and loosewith the facts. Unfortunately, it is the American people who suffer mostthrough this irresponsible behavior." ABOUT FAIR Headquartered on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., FAIR is the largest,oldest and most respected immigration reform group in America. With over250,000 members, FAIR advocates for non-discriminatory immigration policesthat protect American jobs, wages, the environment, and national security.As a bipartisan organization free from special interest influence, FAIR isregularly sought by Congress and the media for its objective analysis andfor its fair, practical and effective policy solutions.
Stetson Kennedy was born in Jackson, Florida, in 1916. After graduating from the University of Florida he joined the Federal Writers Project (1935-39). While working on the project Kennedy was deeply influenced by the book, You Have Seen Their Faces (1937), a documentary account of impoverished living conditions in the South, that had been produced by the novelist, Erskine Caldwell, and the photographer, Margaret Bourke-White. Kennedy became a newspaper reporter and wrote investigative articles for the New York Post. His first book, Palmetto County, was published in 1942.
A member of the NAACP, Kennedy was a strong opponent of racism and in 1950 "campaigned for the U.S. Senate from Florida as an independent 'colour-blind' candidate on a platform calling for a 'live and let live' foreign policy and total equality at home." As an investigative journalist, Kennedy joined the Ku Klux Klan. Articles about his activities appeared in the New York Post. He also supplied information of its illegal activities to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the House of Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) but both organizations showed little interest in what he found. Kennedy also wrote several books about racism such as Southern Exposure (1946), I Rode With the Klan (1954) and Jim Crow Guide to the U.S.A (1959). Kennedy's latest book, After Appomattox: How the South Won the War (1995), explains how the Old South converted military defeat into political and social victory. Kennedy was also featured in Coming of Age (1995) by Studs Terkel. In 2001 was given the Benjamin Spock Peacemaker of the Year Award.
Bill Mauldin, "Bloodstains Again" (1946)
Stetson Kennedy
Forum Debates
Who Killed Martin Luther King?
Deaths of Civil Rights Workers
Rosa Parks
James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Michael Schwerner
Segregation in the United States
Ku Klux Klan
Lynchings in the United States
James Earl Ray
(1) Stetson Kennedy, I Rode With the Ku Klux Klan (1954) In delving into both old and new outrages perpetrated by the Klan, I was soon struck by one all-important fact - almost all the things written on the subject were editorials, not exposes. The writers were against the Klan, all right, but they had precious few inside facts about it. Their punches consequently lacked the dynamite I knew it would take to score a knockout blow against the Klan. The need, obviously, was not just for more words, but legal evidence on the Klan's inside machinations - evidence which could be taken into court and used to put the Klan's leaders behind bars where they belonged. To get such evidence - just as obviously - somebody would have to go under a Klan robe and turn the hooded order's dirty linen inside out for all the world to see.
(2) After joining the Ku Klux Klan, Stetson Kennedy was able to informally interview Cliff Carter, the Night Hawk of the Klan. The Kloran of the Klan defines a Klavalier as the soldier of the Klan. We take our name from the cavalier - a courtly, polite, cultured and very courageous and skillful soldier of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. As the Military Department of the Invisible Empire, we Klavaliers also serve as the secret police of the KKK and are entrusted with carrying out all "direct-line" activity. We are a militant army, serving our country in peacetime as the U.S. Army does in wartime! Our country was founded by a white Protestant nation, and we intend to maintain it as such! Any attempt to influence its affairs by inferior racial minorities or persons owing allegiance to foreign prelates or potentates will not be tolerated! All hyphenated groups - whether they be Negro-Americans, Jewish-Americans, Catholic-Americans, Italian-Americans or whatever must become American-Americans, or leave the country! The Ku Klux Klan is an American-American organization. As the Army of the Klan we Klavaliers are dedicated to saving America for Americans!
(3) Stetson Kennedy was present when an African American cab-driver was murdered by the Ku Klux Klan for carrying a white woman in his cab. The Negro man watched out of the corner of his eye. But the fear he must have felt upon discovering he was in the hands of the Klan did not show in his face. We turned off the highway and on to a clay road that threaded off through the pine flatwoods. When we came to a clump of hardwood trees at the head of a branch, Randal stopped the cab. Reaching over and opening the door, he gave the Negro a shove that sent him sprawling face first on to the ground. Almost before I knew what was happening, both carloads of Klavaliers had swarmed around him, and were kicking at his prostrated form amid a torrent of profanity. The Negro groaned and doubled over to protect his groin, but he made no plea for mercy. Randal, meanwhile, was standing on the sidelines, calmly putting on his robe. That done, he stepped up, and the kicking subsided. "You'd better say your prayers, nigger!" he said. "Your time has come."
(4) In his book, I Rode With the Ku Klux Klan, Stetson Kennedy described the election of Gene Talmadge, the Governor of Georgia. Talmadge was elected Governor of Georgia after a whirlwind campaign of Klan terror aimed at keeping Negroes from going to the polls. On the eve of the election, fiery crosses had flamed on court-house lawns all over Georgia. Notices signed "KKK" were tacked on to Negro churches, warning, "The first nigger who votes in Georgia will be a dead one." Other warnings were sent to Negroes through the U.S. mails, and others were dropped from airplanes over Negro neighbourhoods. On election day, thousands of Negroes awoke to find miniature coffins on their doorsteps. My union friend Charlie Pike led his locals, white and Negro alike, to march to the polls and vote as a body. And though many thousands of Negroes defied the Klan and voted for the first time, in the end the forces of hate carried the day, Talmadge was elected, and the liberal supported by Governor Arnall was defeated.
(5) In his book, I Rode With the Ku Klux Klan, Stetson Kennedy wrote about the murder of his friend, Harry T. Moore, on 25th December, 1951. Terrorists planted a bomb under the bedroom of Mr. and Mrs. Harry T. Moore, Negro residents of Mims, a small town north of Miami. Moore was killed instantly. His wife died after a week of suffering. Even though Mrs. Moore said she had a "good idea" who planted the bomb, neither the local police nor Governor Warren's special investigator Elliott nor the F.B.I. bothered to take any statement from her before she died. Moore was a two-fisted saintly fighter for democracy, who throughout his life was in the forefront of the struggle of his people for a greater measure of justice. at the time of his death he was not only state secretary of the N.A.A.C.P. but also leader of the Progressive Voters League of Florida.
(6) Working undercover as a member of the Ku Klux Klan, Stetson Kennedy discovered the organization switched its support from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party when Dwight Eisenhower was selected as its presidential candidate in 1952. It was Eisenhower's record as an enforcer of racial segregation in the U.S. armed forces, that opened up the possibility of swinging the traditionally Democratic South into the Republican camp. "My policy for handling coloured troops will be absolute equalitative treatment, but there will be segregation where facilities are afforded," Eisenhower had said in 1942 - and the Klan proceeded to make much of this fact. On July 16th of that same year, a directive bearing Eisenhower's signature went out to the red Cross clubs in London, ordering that, "Care should be taken so that men of two races are not needlessly intermingled in the same dormitory or at the same tables in the dinning-halls." Finally, when in campaigning for the presidency Eisenhower announced his opposition to civil rights legislation by Congress, the Klan took off the wraps and went all out for Ike. On election day, more Negroes than ever before in American history defied the Klan terror and marched to the polls - but nevertheless at least five million were kept from voting. The hate propaganda did its work, and Kludd Shuler's prediction that five Southern states would go for Eisenhower came true.
(7) Stetson Kennedy, I Rode With the Ku Klux Klan (1954) Another signal for the Ku Klux Klan ideology is represented by the McCarran Immigration Act. sponsored by Republican Senator Pat McCarron - who is also the author of the U.S.A.'s concentration camplaw - and Republican Congressman Francis Walter, the new law bars coloured races almost entirely, while favouring immigration by north Europeans. Instead of working for repeal of this racist law, Eisenhower has asked for special quotas to let in migrants from eastern Europe, most of whom are diehard German Nazis.
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For Immediate Release March 19, 2008
Washington D.C. FBI National Press Office (202) 324-3691
Michelle Ann Jupina has been named Special Agent in Charge (SAC) of Intelligence for the Washington field office. Director Robert S. Mueller, III appointed her to this position to replace SAC Timothy Healy, who is returning to FBI Headquarters as the Deputy Assistant Director of the Directorate of Intelligence. In this position, Ms. Jupina will oversee the Washington field office's Intelligence Division.
Ms. Jupina entered on duty as a special agent with the FBI in 1996. Upon completion of training at the FBI Academy in Quantico, Virginia, she was assigned to the Washington field office, where she conducted investigations in cyber, white collar crime, criminal, and counterintelligence matters. While at Washington Field, she received the United States Attorney's Award for leading a high-profile cyber investigation. Ms. Jupina later became a Supervisory Special Agent in the National Infrastructure Protection Center, and later in the FBI's Cyber Division, where she focused on computer intrusion and malicious code investigations.
During her career with the FBI, Ms. Jupina also served as Special Assistant to the Executive Assistant Director (EAD) of the National Security Branch (NSB), the EAD of Intelligence, and the Deputy EAD of Administration. In those positions, she played a key role in strengthening the FBI's intelligence program and in the establishment of the Directorate of Intelligence and the NSB.
Prior to her appointment as SAC, Ms. Jupina served as the Section Chief of the NSB Executive Staff. In that position, she oversaw the coordination of the national security budget, performance metrics, strategy, training, human resource matters, information technology matters, communications, and policy issues that cut across the five NSB components: the Counterterrorism Division, the Counterintelligence Division, the Directorate of Intelligence, the Weapons of Mass Destruction Directorate, and the Terrorist Screening Center.
For Immediate Release March 21, 2008
Clayt Q. Lemme has been named Special Agent in Charge (SAC) of the Counterintelligence Division for the Washington field office. Director Robert S. Mueller, III appointed him to this position to replace SAC Kevin Favreau, who was recently named Deputy Assistant Director of the Counterintelligence Division at FBI Headquarters. Most recently, Mr. Lemme served as Chief of the Counterespionage Section of the Counterintelligence Division at FBI Headquarters. Mr. Lemme has over 30 years of service in the FBI, with over 20 years of experience in espionage and foreign counterintelligence investigations.
Mr. Lemme entered on duty with the FBI in August 1977 as a fingerprint examiner, and was assigned to FBI Headquarters until he became a special agent in January 1984. Upon completion of training at the FBI Academy in Quantico, Virginia, he was assigned to the Cincinnati Division, where he investigated white collar crime and violent crime matters. Mr. Lemme then transferred to the Washington field office, where he worked primarily foreign counterintelligence and espionage cases, with intermittent assignments in support of counterterrorism investigations such as the Oklahoma City bombing, the embassy bombings in Africa, and the Atlanta Olympics bombing. He became Supervisor of a Washington field office counterintelligence squad in 1993.
In January 2001, Mr. Lemme transferred to the Counterterrorism Division at FBI Headquarters. While there, he supervised infrastructure protection matters and participated in the management of the 9/11 investigations in the weeks following the attacks. He was then assigned to work with a number of federal agencies to develop and implement procedures for the identification and protection of critical national assets. In February 2003, he returned to counterintelligence, becoming Unit Chief of a counterespionage unit at FBI Headquarters. He was promoted in July 2003 to Assistant Section Chief for counterespionage matters. He remained in that position until he returned to the Washington field office to serve as Assistant Special Agent in Charge for Counterintelligence in May 2005. In May 2006, he was promoted to Chief of the Counterespionage Section in the Counterintelligence Division at FBI Headquarters.
Mar 25, 2008,
Second National Fusion Center Conference Held to Foster Greater Collaboration
More than 900 federal, state, and local law enforcement and homeland security officials attended this week the National Fusion Center Conference here to further the U.S. government's plans to create a seamless network of these centers.The second annual conference was jointly sponsored by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, U.S. Department of Justice, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Office of the Program Manager for the Information Sharing Environment, and the Global Justice Information Sharing Initiative. Participants discussed how to best incorporate fusion centers at the state level and in major urban areas into national plans to improve the sharing of information related to terrorism - a key goal of a strategy that President Bush released last October.After the 9/11 attacks, states and various U.S. localities established information fusion centers to coordinate the gathering, analysis, and sharing of homeland security, terrorism, and law enforcement intelligence. Today there are more than 50 operational centers in 46 states."Working together - leveraging federal as well as state and local networks; moving relevant information and intelligence quickly; enabling rapid analytic and operational judgments - that is what this network of centers is all about," said Charles E. Allen, Homeland Security Undersecretary for Intelligence and Analysis, in his opening remarks at the conference, which was held March 18-20 at the Hilton San Francisco. Added Russell M. Porter, Director of the Iowa State Fusion Center: "Establishing a national, integrated network of fusion centers isn't solely a federal effort. "State, local, and tribal officials have been and will continue to be actively engaged in every step of the process," said Porter, who also serves as Chair of the Criminal Intelligence Coordinating Committee. Arthur M. Cummings II, Executive Assistant Director of the FBI's National Security Branch, emphasized the importance of maintaining a unified front. Fusion centers, he said, "are an effective and efficient mechanism for exchanging information by merging data from a variety of sources to produce actionable intelligence for consumers, such as the FBI's Joint Terrorism Task Forces and local police departments."Moreover, stakeholders must stay vigilant, said Bart R. Johnson, ODNI's Director for Homeland Security and Law Enforcement Support and Outreach."Terrorism remains a credible and ongoing threat to our country," he said. "The ODNI and all of the relevant federal, state, local, and tribal agencies must maintain the focus on and commitment to collaboration to mitigate this threat."To that end, bureaucratic turf wars would be extremely counterproductive. "Law enforcement and justice agencies at all levels need to find ways to overcome obstacles to sharing information - and the U.S. Justice Department is committed to providing the resources and assistance necessary to make sharing as easy as possible," said Domingo S. Herraiz, Director of the Office of Justice Programs' Bureau of Justice Assistance at DOJ. On the whole, fusion centers play a decisive role, said Ambassador Thomas McNamara, Program Manager for the Information Sharing Environment. "They are a critical part of President Bush's National Strategy for Information Sharing," the ambassador said. "They strengthen the nation's ability to protect communities from future attacks."
By LARRY NEUMEISTER – 40 minutes ago
NEW YORK (AP) — The military is using the FBI to skirt legal restrictions on domestic surveillance to obtain private records of Americans' Internet service providers, financial institutions and telephone companies, the ACLU said Tuesday.
The American Civil Liberties Union based its conclusion on a review of more than 1,000 documents turned over by the Defense Department after it sued the agency last year for documents related to national security letters. The lawsuit was filed in Manhattan federal court.
The letters are investigative tools used to compel businesses to turn over customer information without a judge's order or grand jury subpoena.
ACLU lawyer Melissa Goodman said the documents the civil rights group studied "make us incredibly concerned that the FBI and DoD might be collaborating to evade limits put on the DoD's use of NSLs."
It would be understandable if the military relied on help from the FBI on joint investigations, but not when the FBI was not involved in a probe, she said.
The FBI referred requests for comment Tuesday to the Defense Department. A request for comment from Justice Department lawyers for that agency was not immediately returned.
Goodman, a staff attorney with the ACLU National Security Project, said the military is allowed to demand financial and credit records in certain instances but does not have the authority to get e-mail and phone records or lists of Web sites that people have visited. That is the kind of information that the FBI can get by using a national security letter, she said.
"That's why we're particularly concerned. The DoD may be accessing the kinds of records they are not allowed to get," she said.
Goodman also noted that legal limits are placed on the Defense Department "because the military doing domestic investigations tends to make us leery."
In other allegations, the ACLU said:
_ The Navy's use of the letters to demand domestic records has increased significantly since the Sept. 11 attacks.
_ The military wrongly claimed its use of the letters was limited to investigating only Defense Department employees.
_ The Defense Department has not kept track of how many national security letters the military issues or what information it obtained through the orders.
_ The military provided misleading information to Congress and silenced letter recipients from speaking out about the records requests.
Goodman said Congress should provide stricter guidelines and meaningful oversight of how the military and FBI make national security letter requests.
"Any government agency's ability to demand these kinds of personal, financial or Internet records in the United States is an intrusive surveillance power," she said.
Bill Fletcher Jr. is one of the Left’s intellectual elders. A long time union activist and former president of TransAfrica forum, Fletcher is a fixture at Leftist gatherings and his articles fill pages of internet. I first saw him at the Left Forum in hand on chin, busily making notes for his presentation. We talked and kept in touch. Over the years, with each conversation I saw how his words make a clear line to the core of the question. As the 40th anniversary of Martin Luther King Jr’s assassination and the now mythic year of “68″ approached, I interviewed him on the state of black radicalism.
Q: You recently participated in the Left Forum at Cooper Union. What did you make of it?
A: Mostly it was a success. One could see large numbers of young people but still the Left Forum has not tapped into large numbers of people of color. It’s not “racism” as such; there is a tendency for groups to reproduce themselves and their cultures unless dramatic actions are introduced. I believe that Left Forum has more work to do and I say that as a board member of the Forum. Secondly there is a tendency to self-isolation by some black radical activists. When in a white setting, we can hold high the red-black-green as a way to carve out a space to be heard. We don’t always challenge for the right to talk about other things, which connects to the last reason for the absence of people of color. This must change. There are many of us who do not wish to be pigeon-holed and we resist such efforts. Black radical activists have a lot to say about a variety of issues.
Q: Your answer brings up the question of post-racial politics, which the mainstream media has used to describe Newark Mayor Cory Booker and of course Sen. Barack Obama. Is there meaning in that phrase?
A: First there is no post race politics in the U.S. politics because racism was and is the primary means of social control. A useful distinction is that we are in a post Civil Rights politics not a post race politics. So the new crop of black politicians like Booker and Obama say they are taking the Black Freedom Movement to the next level but it becomes a politics of the elite not the black working class majority. Previous Civil Rights and Black Power activists had to at minimum pay lip service to the people.
Q: Why is there less of a need for the post Civil Rights black politicians to reflect the masses of working class people?
A: Several reasons, first during the Cold War the anti-Communist McCarthyism destroyed the Black Left so discussion of class was cut from black political discourse. Second, the Counter Intelligence Program–COINTELPRO–of the FBI of the 60’s and 70’s sowed rivalry and violence in the freedom movement. Third our own mistakes caught up to us. We were ideologically unfocused and many of us saw race only. In the 80’s and 90’s segments of the Black Freedom Movement were influenced by Neo-Conservatives. Finally, the freedom movement was in part a victim of its own victories, which created a black middle class whose interests were often detached from the black working class.
Q: It seems the narrative that radicals offer the working poor demands they recognize the system’s rigged which competes against the narrative of “making it” as seen in popular imagery and celebrities like Russell Simmons, 50 Cent, BET’s Bob Johnson or NBA’s Michael Jordan.
A: Individuals can and do triumph. What is misleading is that when the masses identify with them it doesn’t offer them any explanation for why they didn’t “make it” and why their lives are getting harder. It leads to people blaming themselves. People can be ’screwed up’ but the problem is not in them; the problem rests with the way that the system operates. What you’re going through, millions of others are going through. It’s not that you don’t have a work ethic, it’s that there’s no work. The consequence of our focus on individual achievement is that the enemy becomes less clear and the enemy is a social system led by a sector of transnational capitalists. We have to re-focus people to see who the enemy is because at the most basic level the role of organizers is to gather people together to identify a problem and solve it.
Q: Do you see these contradictions reflected in the recent speech on race that Sen. Obama gave?
A: The irony of Obama’s speech is he ran a campaign where racial justice was not involved but he was forced to confront it after his pastor’s sermon became a media controversy. I thought it was a brilliant speech. He did not “diss” his pastor but the one problem in his speech is he framed the sermon as a relic of the past that did not reflect today’s America .
Q: Why was that a problem?
A: The rage expressed in the sermon is not a relic of the past; it is with us today. Hip Hop is full of anger. Black on black crime is anger unfocused and turned against our selves. It’s why the Nation of Islam could organize the Million Man March because it is linked to and articulates this rage.
The emergence of Bill Ayers as a controversial figure during Wednesday night's debate between Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton reminded me of when Ayers came through Madison a couple of years ago and said something startling.
He said it to me and I was startled, anyway.
Ayers is currently a professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago. During the Vietnam War era, he was a member of the Weather Underground, a radical group that advocated and practiced violence against establishment targets.
Ayers was indicted in 1970 for inciting to riot and conspiracy to bomb government buildings, but he was never tried. He was a fugitive for more than a decade but, when he turned himself in, the charges were dropped due to misconduct by his pursuers.
"The Bureau had recklessly tapped phones," Ayers wrote in a 2001 memoir, "broken into people's homes, even written a plan to kidnap (his wife) Bernadine's infant nephew."
While promoting that book, titled "Fugitive Days," Ayers told the New York Times: "I don't regret setting bombs. I feel we didn't do enough."
During Wednesday night's debate, George Stephanopoulos of ABC News asked Obama about Ayers. Obama downplayed their relationship, saying that Ayers lives in his neighborhood but they're not close. He called Ayers "somebody who engaged in detestable acts when I was 8 years old."
Hillary Clinton then noted that Obama and Ayers had served together on the board of a do-gooder group in Chicago. Obama shot back that Clinton's husband had commuted the sentences of two other members of the Weather Underground, at which point the candidates pretty much moved on to other topics.
Ayers and his wife, Bernadine Dohrn, were in Madison in October 2006 for the Wisconsin Book Festival. They were promoting a new book, "Sing a Battle Song: The Revolutionary Poetry, Statements, and Communiques of the Weather Underground, 1970-1974."
I had a chance to interview Ayers prior to their appearance and he seemed to scale back just a bit from some of the more radical ideas of the Weathermen. He said neither he nor Dohrn were "nostalgic" for that era and that "some of the rhetoric" from that time "now seems overheated." But he added: "We continue to believe that empire building and occupation is wrong."
I wanted to interview Ayers for one reason: My enduring interest in whatever became of Leo Burt, Madison's most famous fugitive. Burt is more than that: He's the great unfinished story of my half century in this city.
Ayers had been underground for 11 years; Burt has now been a fugitive for nearly 38 years, since he and three others (all eventually apprehended) set off a bomb targeted at the Army Math Research Center in Sterling Hall on the UW-Madison campus. The 1970 blast killed a young researcher, Robert Fassnacht, and caused millions of dollars of damage.
When I began to ask Ayers about Burt, something unexpected happened. It became clear Ayers didn't realize Burt was still a fugitive. At that point, it had been 36 years.
"That's amazing," Ayers said, after I filled him in. Then he repeated it: "Amazing."
I said: "You really didn't know?"
"I remember who he is," Ayers said. "I'll be damned."
I guess I figured that '60s radicals would always keep tabs on each other, not like old high school teammates exactly, but one way or another.
I suppose it says less about Ayers than it does about my own obsession with Burt. I've written two long magazine pieces about him. The first was for Madison Magazine in 1996. It was memorable because I speculated that Burt was the Unabomber. The piece ran a few months before they caught the real Unabomber. In my defense, the Burt-as-Unabomber theory had also been embraced by Tom Bates, the author of "Rads," now deceased.
The other magazine story was for the Wisconsin Alumni Association's quarterly, On Wisconsin. It ran in the summer of 2005 on the 35th anniversary of the bombing and was perhaps most notable for something that happened during my research. While I was interviewing a retired FBI agent who had worked a decade on the case, he collapsed with a heart attack. I did nothing admirable other than call 911, but the Middleton EMTs were great. It was touch-and-go for 24 hours, but they saved his life.
We may yet get a definitive take on Burt if an Eastern writer named Joe Brennan Jr. ever publishes the book on Burt he's been researching for years. Tentatively titled "The Last Radical," I would have thought it might be out by now, but I 've lost touch with Brennan and have heard nothing lately.
Speaking of Burt, Bill Ayers told me: "If he has survived and led a decent life, that's good. I wouldn't want to see him caught."
I asked Ayers: "How hard was it staying underground?"
"It's difficult in some ways," he said. "In other ways, it was as easy as falling off a log."
In this informative newsletter sent as an e-mail yesterday evening, Cynthia McKinney describes her recent trip to a workers summit held in Mexico. She also describes her regret for a past mistake which has steeled her determination to take personal responsibility in these times of widespread distraction and global irresponsibility. Although former U.S. Congresswoman Cynthia McKinney is a Green Party candidate running for president, she reveals herself here as a true global citizen who is deeply interested in a more productive and healthy forms of patriotism.
Two Minneapolis police officers were put on administrative leave pending an investigation, the police department confirmed Saturday.
Sgt. William Palmer, a police spokesman, said Officer Mike Roberts and Lt. Lee Edwards were placed on paid administrative leave, but reasons behind the move were not disclosed.
Palmer said he had "absolutely no idea" why the officers were put on leave. He said no additional information was available.
WCCO-TV and the Star Tribune reported on their Web sites Saturday that the officers were under a federal criminal investigation.
The nature of that investigation is unclear. Paul McCabe, and FBI spokesman, wouldn't confirm whether the agency was involved in an investigation of the officers.
Edwards is one of five black officers suing the police department over allegations of race discrimination. Andrew Muller, an attorney for Edwards, said the investigation into the undisclosed allegation is "baseless."
Muller released a statement, saying that Edwards was removed from duty on Friday.
"The intent of the allegations against Lt. Edwards can only be to punish and intimidate those on the MPD who speak out against discrimination," the statement said. Muller also said that there is no connection between Edwards and officer Roberts.
Roberts is a 29-year veteran of the department. It was unclear whether Roberts has an attorney and a phone listing for Roberts was not immediately available Saturday.
By Brian C. RittmeyerTRIBUNE-REVIEW Monday, May 12, 2008
In an understatement full of meaning, John O. Chadwick was known around the Pittsburgh FBI office as a "good guy" other agents enjoyed working with, his son said.
"Even though it seems like an off-hand comment, it's actually a true compliment, because in the law enforcement world, that means that they absolutely trust that person with their lives," said son David Chadwick, 35, of Quakertown, Pa.
John O. Chadwick of Upper St. Clair died Friday, May 9, 2008 at home from pancreatic cancer. He was 65.
A native of Columbus, Ga. who was raised in Alexandria, Va., Mr. Chadwick joined the FBI in 1969 as a special agent and retired in 2000. He served in New Haven, Conn. before being transferred to Pittsburgh in 1971. He lived in Mt. Lebanon before moving to Upper St. Clair in 1979.
Born in a poor rural area, Mr. Chadwick believed education was the key to furthering himself and embarked on a career as a history teacher in Fairfax County, Va. Public Schools before a high school friend recruited him to the FBI.
"That was not something he had considered prior to that. I guess his friend kind of sold him on some of the missions and goals of the FBI," David Chadwick said. "One of the best parts of his job was he got to meet new people every day. Some of them were bad guys, others were just regular, everyday people he would have to go interview for various cases he was working."
Mr. Chadwick first worked in fugitives, later transferring to counterintelligence.
"I really don't know a whole lot about that work because most of that work is still classified," David Chadwick said.
While in Connecticut as a first-year agent, Mr. Chadwick arrested a suspect then on the FBI's 10 most wanted list. In Pittsburgh, he served on the Special Weapons and Tactics Team for more than 20 years and was a firearms instructor and fitness coordinator.
At 6 foot 7, Mr. Chadwick was an imposing man, but he had a thoughtful and gentle personality, said his co-worker and friend, Jerry Pino, 66, of Shaler. Both were officers in the Pittsburgh chapter of the Society of Former Agents of the FBI.
"He enjoyed his work. He had a variety of work and enjoyed 99 percent of it, and looked forward to going to work as most agents do. He looked at is as one of the better jobs people paid you to do. It's something you could be proud of," Pino said.
Mr. Chadwick was proud of his work and disappointed at having to leave at the mandatory retirement age, relatives and friends said. After retiring, Mr. Chadwick, a father of three boys, worked until last year selling uniforms to police, fire and ambulance departments just to stay in touch with law enforcement.
"He was a good father. He always took an interest in what the boys were doing. He took us to our soccer games and Little League games," David Chadwick said. "He was always aware of the criminal element. He was always aware and cautious of things and taught us boys to be that way also."
In addition to his son, Mr. Chadwick is survived by his wife, Elizabeth Chadwick, of Upper St. Clair; two other sons, Michael Chadwick of Swedesboro, N.J., and Andrew Chadwick of Silver Spring, Md.; his mother, Lydia Chadwick of Alexandria, Va.; and three grandchildren.
He was preceded in death by his father, Jack B. Chadwick, and a brother, Conrad Chadwick.
A federal judge yesterday unsealed records revealing that the lead FBI agent in the criminal case against Dr. Cyril H. Wecht was disciplined elsewhere for forging other agents' names and initials on chain-of-custody forms, evidence labels and interview forms.
See more information about the disciplinary reports of FBI agent Bradley W. Orsini.
Further, in September 2001 Special Agent Bradley W. Orsini was demoted and received a 30-day suspension without pay for a series of policy violations that occurred from 1993 through 2000, which included having an inappropriate relationship with a subordinate; making improper vulgar and sexual comments; threatening a subordinate with violence; and improperly documenting the seizure of a weapon and ammunition from a search.
"We're pleased this information is now available to the public for its own analysis and understanding of its impact on the case," said Dr. Wecht's defense attorney, Jerry McDevitt. "The report speaks for itself."
The U.S. attorney's office filed Agent Orsini's records under seal on April 7, 2006, asking U.S. District Judge Arthur J. Schwab to determine if it was required to turn them over to Dr. Wecht's defense attorneys.
What followed was a 15-month legal battle that ended this week when the 3rd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals issued a final order in the case, making the disciplinary reports public.
Judge Schwab unsealed the records late yesterday afternoon. He also vacated a previous decision in which he'd ordered a contempt hearing for the defense attorneys for their failure to follow his orders.
He wrote "this Court considers the 'time-out' caused by the interlocutory appeal to the Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit as providing an opportunity for a 'fresh start.'"
He also ordered a hearing in Dr. Wecht's case on Sept. 18 that will allow the defense to use the Orsini reports in their examination of him.
Agent Orsini has been an agent for more than 18 years, and he has spent much of that time, including in Pittsburgh, working public corruption cases. All of the allegations included in the two disciplinary reports occurred while he was working in the FBI's Newark, N.J., office.
U.S. Attorney Mary Beth Buchanan would not comment on the reports' release. It was unclear if she was aware of Mr. Orsini's background before he became the lead agent in the case against Dr. Wecht, who is charged with 84 counts of misusing his public office for private gain.
The first time Agent Orsini was disciplined was Nov. 2, 1998. He received a five-day suspension without pay for signing other agents' names to evidence labels and custody forms from May 1995 to January 1997.
He explained that he and another agent, on limited occasions, signed each other's names on evidence "to save time."
Though the investigator from the Office of Professional Responsibility found that Agent Orsini did not intend to jeopardize the evidence or cases involved, his actions could have called the integrity of the bureau into question, he wrote in his report.
A 28-page report issued Sept. 24, 2001, by the assistant director of the Office of Professional Responsibility described additional transgressions.
The first violation listed dated to Nov. 2, 1993. Agent Orsini failed to obtain the proper consent form while searching a man's home for illegal firearms and failed to properly document the ammunition seized.
Agent Orsini was found to have falsified at least six FBI interview forms in 1993 and 1994 by writing other agents' initials on them.
He said in a statement that he didn't believe there would be a problem with that provided the information in the body of the interview form was accurate.
"I have no idea how many times I may have done so," he said. He said he did so for "convenience and a shortcut."
Throughout the Wecht case, defense attorneys have argued that the government based part of the charges against their client -- that he exchanged unclaimed bodies from the county morgue for lab space from Carlow University -- on a single interview form filled out by Agent Orsini.
The disciplinary report next goes into great detail about a relationship Agent Orsini had with a subordinate agent, from April 1998 through early 2000.
The document indicates that other agents in his squad believed Agent Orsini was favoring the woman and gave her premium assignments. It also details gag gifts exchanged at the squad's Christmas parties in 1998 and 1999. One, given to the woman, was a pet collar, with a note that said, "If found, return to Brad Orsini."
"By their very nature, the public notoriety attached to the gag gifts would have put even the most insensitive person on notice of this perception of favoritism," the assistant director wrote.
By January 2000, when supervisors in the Newark office learned of the relationship, Agent Orsini was reassigned.
But before that, he approached one of the agents in his squad and accused him of revealing the relationship. During the meeting, Agent Orsini threatened to hit his subordinate but quickly added that he was kidding.
Newark's assistant agent in charge reported that Agent Orsini "has an aggressive personality, and I would characterize him as a bully."
Other substantiated allegations in the report included that Agent Orsini punched at least one hole in the wall in the Newark office, and threw and broke chairs. He also jokingly called fellow supervisors "homosexuals," and even used a bullhorn to make his comments.
For those actions, the Office of Professional Responsibility said he failed to prevent the development of a "locker room atmosphere" in his squad that repressed professional conduct.
In addition to the suspension and demotion, Agent Orsini was ordered to serve 12 months' probation and to attend mandatory sensitivity training.
Ray Morrow, special agent in charge of the FBI's Pittsburgh office, defended Agent Orsini yesterday, calling him one of the best investigators he's seen.
"Early on in his career, he made some bad decisions," Agent Morrow said, noting that nothing Agent Orisini did was criminal. "He has deeply and dearly paid the price -- both personally and professionally."
Civil Rights Workshop planned
The Madison County NAACP will host an eight-hour Civil Rights Workshop on Friday, June 27, at the New Hope Family Life Center, 812 W. 13th St., Anderson. The workshop will be facilitated by the FBI and will include the topics of Violet Crime and Hate Crime. The workshop is open to the public and the $10 registration fee includes lunch. Deadline is Friday, June 20. For further information or to register, call Rosetta Minnefield at (765) 644-1876, Jackie German at (765) 643-6194, or President James Burgess at (765) 643-9100.
June 15, 2008
Ominous ruling by Nebraska Supreme Court against Black Panther in COINTELPRO case puts new trial request in doubt
By Michael Richardson
Ed Poindexter
The Nebraska Supreme Court denied a pro se parole bid by Ed Poindexter in a decision many expected was a foregone conclusion. However, in denying a request for parole eligibility the state high court signaled the difficulty Poindexter faces later this year when his request for a new trial is argued by Lincoln attorney Robert Bartle.
Poindexter was convicted in 1971 for the bombing murder of an Omaha policeman, Larry Minard, in a controversial trial marred by conflicting police testimony, withheld evidence, and tainted assistance by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Poindexter and co-defendant Mondo we Langa (formerly David Rice) both deny any involvement in the crime and were both targets of FBI director J. Edgar Hoover under the infamous Operation COINTELPRO which targeted the Black Panthers for "no holds barred" treatment.
Poindexter's request for a new trial comes after sophisticated vocal analysis by voice analyst Tom Owen in 2006 revealed that the confessed bomber, 15 year-old Duane Peak, did not make the emergency call that lured Minard to his death. Peak implicated Poindexter and Mondo we Langa making his credibility critical…and leaving an unknown caller at large.
Retired Omaha detective Robert Pheffer also contradicted his own trial testimony about finding dynamite that was allegedly used in the fatal bomb in a dramatic and emotion-charged hearing in Douglas County District Court last year before Judge Russell Bowie.
At the time of the trial Omaha was gripped by racial tension. Former Nebraska governor Frank Morrison was Poindexter's court-appointed public defender. Morrison described Omaha in a 2003 deposition.
"There was tremendous racial feeling. North Omaha was one of the hottest spots in the whole United States for racial violence. In fact, when in 1966 we had to call out the National Guard, they set fire to North Omaha and we had to bring in the National Guard and take over to preserve order. There was terrible racial feeling….I don't have words to describe it, but there was terrible discrimination and hatred of African-Americans, terrible."
The "terrible racial feeling" Morrison described was fueled in part by COINTELPRO dirty tricks initiated by the FBI to disrupt the Black Panthers. Both Ed Pointdexter and Mondo we Langa had been secret targets of Hoover's clandestine operation but the compromised role of the FBI was unknown by Omaha police who were assisted by the federal agents in the search for Minard's killers and unknown by jurors who convicted Poindexter unaware of Hoover's secret directives against the Black Panthers.
The FBI, in cooperation with Omaha Assistant Chief of Police Glenn Gates, kept the recording of the emergency call from defense attorneys while the jurors who decided the fate of the two Black Panther leaders never heard the voice of the anonymous caller. A secret COINTELPRO memo obtained after the 1971 trial under the Freedom of Information Act revealed that release of the emergency tape recording would be "prejudicial to the police murder trial" case against Poindexter and Langa.
The jurors also never knew that Peak, the confessed bomber, brokered a deal where he served 33 months of juvenile detention and then walked free in exchange for his testimony against Poindexter and Langa. Nor did the jurors know that Raleigh House, the supplier of the dynamite, would never be formally charged and only spent one night in jail before being released on his own signature because the police wanted to claim Langa supplied the dynamite. In fact, Omaha Police Captain Murdock Platner did indeed make such a claim in sworn testimony to a Congressional committee contradicting actual trial testimony about the dynamite.
Details about the compromised FBI role in the case did not come until years after the trial and only judges, not jurors, have since been told about the withheld evidence, conflicting and contradictory police testimony, about the deal with Peak, and about the voice analysis that contradicts the story of the state's chief murderous witness against Poindexter.
The Nebraska Supreme Court ruled that Poindexter's bid for parole must fail because the Board of Pardons has not commuted his life sentence to a term of years thus depriving the Board of Parole the ability to grant a parole request. In responding to Poindexter's arguments that numerous other prisoners serving life sentences have been released on parole after serving less time than he has the court said that a commutation of sentence was a "discretionary state privilege" and that even if "granted generously in the past" Poindexter had no legal entitlement to similar consideration.
While the expected ruling against parole for Poindexter does not presage the outcome of his pending new trial request some of the language in the decision does suggest that attorney Robert Bartle will have his work cut out for him during oral arguments scheduled for this fall.
In the ten-page decision there were three references to the underlying crime, the murder of Larry Minard. In the opening summary of the decision the Nebraska Supreme Court properly noted, "In 1971, a jury convicted Edward Poindexter of first degree murder."
However, two later references were less neutral and potentially betray a bias of the court to the prosecution case. The court discussed sentencing statutes, "in 1970 when Poindexter committed his offense." In the conclusion of the decision the court repeated the bias and used the statement "when Poindexter committed his crime" to describe the killing of Minard.
Nebraska newspapers, which have not reported on the COINTELPRO manipulation of the case against Poindexter, brandished headlines about Cop-Killer Poindexter Denied Parole following the language of the court decision.
Meanwhile, Ed Poindexter and Mondo we Langa remain imprisoned at the maximum security Nebraska State Penitentiary serving life sentences while three of Minard's killers, Duane Peak, the confessed bomber; Raleigh House, the supplier of the dynamite; and the unknown emergency line caller walk free.
Last week in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, federal Magistrate Christine Nolan recommended that Black Panther Albert Woodfox, serving a life sentence at Angola State Prison, should be granted a new trial. U.S. District Judge James Brady has yet to rule on Nolan's recommendation. The new trial recommendation followed a state court denial of a new trial request last month for co-defendant Herman Wallace. Wallace and Woodfox were held in solitary confinement for 36 years and only recently have been moved to regular maximum security cells. The two men, leaders in a prison chapter of the Black Panthers, were convicted for the murder of a prison guard during a riot at the prison in 1972 on the testimony of another prisoner released in exchange for testimony against the Panthers.
In Nebraska, a decision on Poindexter's request for a new trial is expected later this year.
"We believe there is sufficient evidence right now to have law enforcement arrest and prosecute those suspects who are still living who were involved in the lynching at Moore's Ford bridge," Brooks said of the murders, when an angry white mob killed two young couples near the Walton-Oconee County line on July 25, 1946.
Brooks told reporters in Savannah on Thursday that "law enforcement officials are moving in on those five." But on Friday, Brooks said he couldn't say whether any of the five identified in a 1946 FBI report will actually be prosecuted.
"I cannot guarantee anything," said Brooks, who is president of the Georgia Association of Black Elected Officials, which is meeting in Savannah. "I am prayerful there will be arrests this year, just as I have been prayerful every year."
No one in law enforcement has told him if or when authorities will arrest anyone. "Prosecution should have been imminent in 1946," he said. "There is sufficient evidence that exists right now to go round up those suspects that are living."
Brooks said the five living suspects are among 55 people the FBI named in the agency's 1946 investigation of the lynching.
Local law enforcement officials will never prosecute anyone in the crimes, he said. Former U.S. Attorney General Alberto Gonzales and current FBI Director Robert S. Mueller announced in February 2007 that the agency would reopen investigations of about a dozen unsolved cases from the civil rights era, including the Moore's Ford lynching.
FBI Special Agent Stephen Emmett, a spokesman for the agency's Atlanta office, declined to comment Friday. Hattie Lawson, president of Moore's Ford Memorial Committee, said she doesn't know if there's enough evidence to prosecute.
But a pending federal bill might give investigators the money and time they need to make arrests in the 62-year-old-murders, Lawson said.
The bill would provide $100 million to investigate old civil rights murders and allow the FBI to assign agents full-time to investigate the old cases, she said.
BY HELAINE R. WILLIAMS
Posted on Sunday, August 31, 2008
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In his celebrated autobiography Black Boy, award-winning author Richard Wright chronicled the short time he spent living in Elaine and West Helena during his early-20 th-century childhood.
The time in Arkansas, among myriad less-than-idyllic experiences in Wright’s youth, shaped his perspective on race and life in the South. Wright’s mother, Ella, moved with her sons to Elaine to live with her sister Maggie Hopkins, and Maggie’s husband, Silas. Wright became close to his uncle Silas, a builder and saloonkeeper, but lost him when Uncle Silas was murdered by whites in 1917. Wright, his mother, brother and aunt moved to West Helena and stayed there until his mother had a debilitating stroke that landed Wright with another uncle and aunt in Greenwood, Miss. He never returned to Arkansas to live.
Wright — also author of the acclaimed Uncle Tom’s Children and Native Son and hailed by the Independent Television Service (itvs. org ) as “the African-American writer who changed the face of American literature” — would have turned 100 this Thursday. That’s the day two Little Rock events will honor his legacy.
“Richard Wright 100 th Birthday Tribute” is the theme of radio show Literacy Nation, which will air from noon to 1 p.m. on KABF-FM, 88. 3. Hosted by Patrick Oliver, the show will feature in-studio guest Patricia McGraw, retired University of Central Arkansas English and history professor. Call-in guests will be Jerry Ward, English professor at Dillard University and Richard Wright scholar; Julia Wright, writer and daughter of Richard Wright; and Maryemma Graham of the University of Kansas.
The evening will bring a Richard Wright 100 th Tribute and Black Boy Book Discussion at the Willie Hinton Neighborhood Resource Center, 3805 W. 12 th St. Doors will open at 5: 30 p.m. The free event will include: Exhibits by community organizations, including Mosaic Templars Cultural Center, Pyramid Art Books & Custom Framing, Arkansas Black Hall of Fame, Black Community Developers and the Martin Luther King, Jr. Cultural Enrichment Center. 6: 30 p. m.: Welcome by Edmund Davis, Little Rock Chapter Black Male Development Symposium. Unveiling of the Richard Wright Day Proclamation issued by the governor’s office.
Short video on the life of Wright, presented by Oliver. Presentation on Wright’s teen years by Ryan Davis; excerpt reading to follow. “The Poetry in Black Boy,” presented by Central High English teacher Stacy McAdoo; excerpt reading to follow. “Richard Wright and the Harlem Renaissance,” presented by writer, professor and poet Akasha Hull; excerpt reading to follow. “Today’s music in Black Boy,” presented by DJ Prophet. Rap, hip-hop and R&B music will be played before and between presentations. Featured artists will include Stevie Wonder, Tupac Shakur, Wynton Marsalis, Kanye West, Public Enemy, Marvin Gaye, Common and others. Music tribute by saxophonist Gerald Johnson.
The radio show and evening program are hosted by the Little Rock Chapter of the Black Male Development Symposium and the Say It Loud ! Readers and Writers series.
Oliver, Say It Loud ! founder, says he felt led to organize these events because of the magnitude of Wright’s influence.
“Richard Wright is one of the greatest writers in history,” he says. “When someone of this caliber has ties with Arkansas, it is important that we share this with the community. The world is celebrating Wright’s 100 th birthday so it is only fitting that Arkansas follow suit.” Oliver reiterates how Wright’s brief stay in Arkansas influenced his writings. “Youth, parents, educators and community leaders should be aware of his writings and accomplishments,” he says. “Our scheduled program is very youth and community oriented.” The book Black Boy, Oliver says, was brought to his attention by author, educator, publisher and Arkansas native Haki R. Madhubuti.
“I was captivated by Wright’s use of language to tell his life story,” Oliver recalls. “As a Southerner and young man I was able to appreciate Wright’s powerful imagery.” He was led to read other works by Wright.
In its introduction to the 1995 documentary Richard Wright — Black Boy, an Independent Television Service article tells of how Wright was asked in 1945 why he wrote this “harrowing account of his Southern childhood.” Wright’s response: He wanted to “give [his ] tongue to voiceless Negro boys”... which he once was.
Richard Nathaniel Wright was born near Natchez, Miss., on Sept. 4, 1908. He was one of two sons born to a sharecropper (who later abandoned the family ) and a schoolteacher, according to the ITVS biography. He was a childhood bookworm, and his readings made him that much more dissatisfied with “life in the segregated South.” After multiple moves between Arkansas, Mississippi and Tennessee as a child, he went to Chicago, working as a streetsweeper and a postal worker during the Depression.
He became associated with the Communist Party and became one of the highlighted writers of the “school for social protest” in Chicago. He broke with the Communist Party because of its desire to influence his writing. In 1937 he moved to New York and published his first book, Uncle Tom’s Children. But it was his second, best-selling book, Native Son (1940 ), that brought Wright fame. It was the first book by a black author to be a Book-of-the-Month Club selection.
Wright went on to pen Black Boy, published in 1945. It, too, became a best-seller. But FBI monitoring due to his past Communist Party ties, along with racial prejudice, dogged Wright. In 1946 he visited Paris and London and in 1947 returned to New York. But he subsequently moved his family to France to escape the restrictions he faced in the United States.
Wright starred in a low-budget film production of Native Son in 1950, playing the title role of Bigger Thomas. (Another version was filmed in 1986. ) He continued to lecture and write essays and books on race and became interested in pan-Africanism, a movement that emphasizes the unity of all black people through their common history, culture and experience.
Wright died of a heart attack in 1960, at the age of 52.
Julia Wright, who is traveling from her home in Paris to Mississippi on Tuesday for a commemoration of her father’s birthday there, says his most enduring legacy “is to have given a lie to the Establishment statistics which programmed black boys like him to delinquency.” She echoes his message: “Say the truth to power and don’t let that power define your life and death and our fate as a people. Keep asking questions and don’t rest until you get the answers. And if the answers are hurtful to you and those you love, then create your own answers by using words as weapons.” In spite of his literary success, Wright was a man who was forced to spend most of his life on the move.
His biography reveals numerous instances of a search for acceptance with various peoples, locales, organizations and governments with which he didn’t fit in or eventually grew disillusioned.
Julia Wright says her father learned that lack of acceptance from whites was going to be a given. “But betrayal by blacks like him was always painful, hurtful and awakened anger.” She refers to The Long Dream (1958 ), his last novel about the South, which she describes as “a bitter indictment of the moral corruption within most of the black bourgeoisie in America. The bitterness sends us back to the pre-slavery situation, perhaps, but also to the importance of the class struggle within our own ranks.” Does she believe her father ever found peace ?
“Being on the move is a cultural / historical trait that goes back to slavery and our internalized memory of it,” she observes. “Yes, I think he found peace — but not necessarily the way we have been taught to define the word, often in heavily Christian terms.” Wright recalls that during her father’s last years in Paris, a friend introduced him to haiku, an ancient form of Japanese poetry inspired by Zen Buddhism.
“In mastering the writing of these tiny little poems... he did find that sort of Oriental-style ‘peace,’ which finds more meaning in asking the right questions than in finding the right answers,” she says. Richard Wright 100 th Birthday Tribute and Black Boy Book Discussion 6: 30 p.m. Thursday, Willie Hinton Neighborhood Resource Center, 3805 W. 12 th St. Admission: Free (312 ) 287-0415
'Mama Afrika' dies at Italian anti-Mafia concert
Nelson Mandela was among thousands of South Africans to pay tribute today to the singer and activist, Miriam Makeba, who died suddenly after taking part in a concert against the Italian Mafia.
Her death provoked shock and widespread mourning in a country enchanted by the sweetness and shining sound of her singing.
Mandela, now in his 91st year and who rarely makes public statements any more, led the tributes to Makeba. "She was South Africa's first lady of song and so richly deserved the title of Mama Afrika," he said.
"The sudden passing of our beloved Miriam has saddened us … For many decades, starting in the years before we went to prison, MaMiriam featured prominently in our lives and we enjoyed her moving performances. When she went into exile she continued to make us proud as she used her worldwide fame to focus attention on the abomination of apartheid. Her music inspired a powerful sense of hope in all of us. She was a mother to our struggle and to the young nation of ours.
"It was fitting that her last moments were spent on a stage, enriching the hearts and lives of others - and again in support of a good cause."
Relatives and friends who first encouraged Makeba to sing compared her voice to that of a nightingale. Her distinctive style, which bewitched the world in the 1960s and 1970s, combined traditional African melodies, jazz and folk with the unique and dynamic rhythms of South Africa's black townships.
While she toured with Harry Belafonte and sang with Marilyn Monroe at John F. Kennedy's birthday party at Madison Square Garden in 1962, her music was banned in South Africa by apartheid governments. When she first travelled to New York in 1960 to perform with Belafonte, the Pretoria government refused to allow her to return home.
She lived in exile for the next 31 years. Mandela asked her to come home after his release from life imprisonment in February 1990 and when she arrived in Johannesburg she said: "I never understood why I couldn't come home. I never committed any crime."
Makeba collapsed shortly after a performance in the southern Italian town of Castel Volturno yesterday evening and died in hospital early today. She was paying homage to six Africans killed by the Camorra mafia two months ago and to the Italian journalist Roberto Saviano who exposed the murders and was himself threatened with death.
South Africa's foreign minister Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma said in a statement: "One of the greatest songstresses of our time has ceased to sing. Throughout her life, Mama Makeba communicated a positive message to the world about the struggle of the people of South Africa and the certainty of victory over the dark forces of apartheid and colonialism through the art of song."
Makeba's body is being flown back to South Africa for a funeral and burial in Johannesburg.
Makeba's career soared in America and Europe until 1968 when she married the black activist Stokeley Carmichael, "Honorary Prime Minister" of the Black Panther Party. She was in immediate trouble with the FBI and all her American concerts and recording contracts were cancelled.
The couple moved to the West African state of Guinea-Conakry, ruled by a dictator, Ahmed Sékou Touré, who imprisoned political opponents in camps, such as the notorious Camp Boiro National Guard Barracks, and drove tens of thousands of dissidents into exile. Carmichael took the name Kwame Touré. Makeba was given the resources to develop a distinctive West African style of music while representing her new country at the United Nations.
During this period in Sékou Touré's state, Makeba virtually disappeared from international view. But after her divorce from Carmichael and the death of her only child, her daughter Bongi, in 1985 she settled in Brussels and began performing to international audiences again. She remained popular, but the sheer sweetness of her young voice was gone.
Makeba's publicist Mark Lechat said the singer had suffered from severe arthritis and had been unwell for some time, appearing at concerts with the aid of a stick. She was married four times. One of her husbands was the trumpeter Hugh Masekela.
The man who made and sold 3,800 periscopes for former President Bill Clinton's inauguration is back -- with the "OBAMA-SCOPE."
California lawyer and former FBI agent Richard Tosaw, 83, has created a 26-inch-long, 8-ounce periscope made of cardboard that uses mirrors to reflect viewable images. It's decorated with a portrait of Barack Obama and past presidents -- including soon-to-be past President George W. Bush.
Currently available for $20 on eBay, Tosaw has made 5,000 -- and numbered each for that "limited edition feel."
Tosaw is known in law enforcement circles for his investigation of legendary skyjacker D.B. Cooper.
But he's also known in periscope circles for the periscope he made for Clinton's inauguration. (That one was plastic instead of cardboard.) All 3,800 of those sold out, Tosaw says, and he hopes for similar success this time.
“People come thousands of miles and spend hundreds of dollars and want to be able to see what they came for,” said Tosaw in a phone interview. “When I saw that Obama is going to be drawing crowds, I thought it would sell well, especially among young people.”
The periscope business is just a hobby for the 83-year-old -- he also works at his law office in Modesto, Calif., called the Bureau of Missing Heirs Inc. -- but it's one about which he feels passionately. (The two callings cross-pollinate: A paper company in Modesto creates and sends the cardboard cutouts to the law office, where workers assemble the devices.)
“An old man doesn’t get excited about too many things, but I’m very proud of it,” said Tosaw, who plans to fly to D.C. for the inauguration -- if he can find a hotel, which he said has been difficult.
“If I’m at the parade, I’ll have my periscope,” he said. “You better believe it.”
Families claim sheriff didn’t probe ’64 slayings
JACKSON — The families of two black teenagers abducted and killed in 1964 are suing Franklin County, claiming the sheriff there didn’t properly investigate the deaths.The families are seeking damages for the county’s role for “flagrant violations” of the teenagers’ constitutional rights, including their wrongful deaths, according to the lawsuit. The lawsuit, filed in federal court in August, alleges that then-Sheriff Wayne Hutto didn’t do enough to find out how the boys died. Hutto died in 1984.Franklin County says the lawsuit should be dismissed because the three-year statute of limitations expired in 1967.“After 40 years and the passing of most individuals with knowledge of the occurrences in issue, the statute of limitations must be upheld,” the county says in court papers.On May 2, 1964, Klansmen reportedly abducted Henry Hezekiah Dee and Charles Eddie Moore before beating and killing them. On July 12, 1964, authorities fished Dee’s and Moore’s bodies from the Mississippi River.In 2007, a federal grand jury named Hutto as a coconspirator in the Klan scheme when they indicted reputed Klansman James Ford Seale, now serving three life sentences in a prison in Terre Haute, Ind., for kidnapping and conspiracy in the case.In May, the full 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals will hear arguments on whether Seale’s conviction on kidnapping and conspiracy charges should be tossed out, as a three-judge panel of the court earlier ruled.Michael Wolf of Jackson, who is representing Franklin County, says in court documents that “there is no genuine evidence which exists linking the sheriff of Franklin County to the events alleged.”Franklin County says in court documents that Hutto made an honest investigation.According to court documents, the families of Dee and Moore say they knew nothing of Hutto’s role until the 2007 indictment.The lawsuit alleges that Moore’s mother went to Hutto about her missing son, only to be told he had gone to visit relatives in Louisiana when Hutto knew that wasn’t so.When Moore’s mother she did travel there, she was told her son hadn’t been seen, according to the lawsuit.The lawsuit also alleges Hutto and a deputy also misled the FBI investigators in the case by saying they knew nothing about the disapperances.The lawsuit claims Hutto never started an investigation into the disappearances even though he had promised family members he would.
Found at On The Wilder Side
The Massachusetts Green-Rainbow Party has filed a formal request with the Department of Justice for an investigation into the process by which the FBI targeted Boston City Councilor Chuck Turner in its recent FBI sting operation. The letter states that known facts about the investigation “raise serious questions regarding whether the Turner action was a legitimate law enforcement activity.” The letter states that biases in FBI targeting may “constitute infringement upon the civil and constitutional rights of Councilor Turner, his constituents, and the members of the Green-Rainbow Party.” The only specific justification offered in the FBI affidavit for their interest in Turner is an unsubstantiated claim by the cooperating witness that Turner took money for writing a letter of recommendation for an ex-offender. Green-Rainbow Party co-chair Jill Stein noted, “This is scarcely the kind of evidence one would expect to trigger an FBI sting operation. Further, the implication that money from ex-offenders is corrupting the political process and warrants a sting is odd. Massachusetts politics is awash with private money on a massive scale - such as the $1.4 million in unreported payments made to a close associate of House Speaker Salvatore DiMasi in return for influencing the award of $17.5 million in state software contracts. With all the real money flowing on Beacon Hill, what prompted the FBI to go after an office holder who could be convicted only if the FBI itself created a crime?” Stein added “The recent Boston Globe report that the cooperating witness was approached by the FBI, not the other way around as implied in the affidavit, underscores the concern that the FBI may have been targeting Chuck Turner prior to any allegations of bribery.” Green-Rainbow Party co-chair Eli Beckerman commented that “Chuck Turner was well known as a critic of the FBI’s record of infringement upon civil liberties. In 2005 he was a speaker at a rally outside the FBI’s Boston offices, protesting the killing of Puerto Rican separatist Ojeda Rios by an FBI sniper. If the FBI’s attempt to trap Chuck Turner in a fake bribery attempt was motivated by payback for his political activities, it will have a chilling effect on any elected official who contemplates questioning FBI tactics.” Green-Rainbow communications director Lloyd Smith added “It would be very dangerous if a secret police force were allowed to practice political targeting of elected officials. This is a threat to our civil liberties and to our democracy. As we ask the Department of Justice to investigate possible civil rights violations in this case, we reaffirm our call for these unsubstantiated charges against Chuck Turner to be dropped.” ##### Green-Rainbow Party letter to Department of Justice 10 December 2008 Civil Rights & Civil Liberties Complaints Office of the Inspector General U.S. Department of Justice 950 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. - Room 4706 Washington, D.C. 20530 Fax 202-514-4001 Dear Inspector General, The Massachusetts Green-Rainbow Party requests that the Inspector General launch an immediate investigation into the process by which the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) decided to initiate a sting operation against Boston City Councilor Chuck Turner. Our concerns will be more fully documented in a later letter. We feel that the question of how Councilor Turner was selected as a target is a critical one. The use of improper criteria would constitute infringement upon the civil and constitutional rights of Councilor Turner, his constituents, and the members of the Green-Rainbow Party. It may also involve violation of guidelines and protections regarding FBI undercover operations. We feel that the information contained in the FBI affidavit of November 19, 2008 raises serious questions regarding the reasons that Councilor Turner was targeted. We feel that the actions of the FBI, especially regarding the timing of their actions and their use of the media, raise serious questions regarding whether the Turner action was a legitimate law enforcement activity. We ask that the Department of Justice notify the FBI that this matter is under investigation and that the destruction of any FBI records regarding the case of Councilor Turner or the confidential witness or witnesses be prohibited. Please feel free to contact us if further information is required to allow you to act on this request. Signed for the Green-Rainbow Party with the approval of the Green-Rainbow Administrative Committee Jill E. Stein, Co-chair, Green-Rainbow Party, Eli Beckerman, Co-chair, Green-Rainbow Party, Green-Rainbow Party PO Box 440353 Somerville, MA 02144-0004
The Massachusetts Green-Rainbow Party has filed a formal request with the Department of Justice for an investigation into the process by which the FBI targeted Boston City Councilor Chuck Turner in its recent FBI sting operation. The letter states that known facts about the investigation “raise serious questions regarding whether the Turner action was a legitimate law enforcement activity.”
The letter states that biases in FBI targeting may “constitute infringement upon the civil and constitutional rights of Councilor Turner, his constituents, and the members of the Green-Rainbow Party.”
The only specific justification offered in the FBI affidavit for their interest in Turner is an unsubstantiated claim by the cooperating witness that Turner took money for writing a letter of recommendation for an ex-offender. Green-Rainbow Party co-chair Jill Stein noted, “This is scarcely the kind of evidence one would expect to trigger an FBI sting operation. Further, the implication that money from ex-offenders is corrupting the political process and warrants a sting is odd. Massachusetts politics is awash with private money on a massive scale - such as the $1.4 million in unreported payments made to a close associate of House Speaker Salvatore DiMasi in return for influencing the award of $17.5 million in state software contracts. With all the real money flowing on Beacon Hill, what prompted the FBI to go after an office holder who could be convicted only if the FBI itself created a crime?”
Stein added “The recent Boston Globe report that the cooperating witness was approached by the FBI, not the other way around as implied in the affidavit, underscores the concern that the FBI may have been targeting Chuck Turner prior to any allegations of bribery.”
Green-Rainbow Party co-chair Eli Beckerman commented that “Chuck Turner was well known as a critic of the FBI’s record of infringement upon civil liberties. In 2005 he was a speaker at a rally outside the FBI’s Boston offices, protesting the killing of Puerto Rican separatist Ojeda Rios by an FBI sniper. If the FBI’s attempt to trap Chuck Turner in a fake bribery attempt was motivated by payback for his political activities, it will have a chilling effect on any elected official who contemplates questioning FBI tactics.”
Green-Rainbow communications director Lloyd Smith added “It would be very dangerous if a secret police force were allowed to practice political targeting of elected officials. This is a threat to our civil liberties and to our democracy. As we ask the Department of Justice to investigate possible civil rights violations in this case, we reaffirm our call for these unsubstantiated charges against Chuck Turner to be dropped.”
#####
Green-Rainbow Party letter to Department of Justice
10 December 2008 Civil Rights & Civil Liberties Complaints Office of the Inspector General U.S. Department of Justice 950 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. - Room 4706 Washington, D.C. 20530 Fax 202-514-4001
Dear Inspector General,
The Massachusetts Green-Rainbow Party requests that the Inspector General launch an immediate investigation into the process by which the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) decided to initiate a sting operation against Boston City Councilor Chuck Turner. Our concerns will be more fully documented in a later letter.
We feel that the question of how Councilor Turner was selected as a target is a critical one. The use of improper criteria would constitute infringement upon the civil and constitutional rights of Councilor Turner, his constituents, and the members of the Green-Rainbow Party. It may also involve violation of guidelines and protections regarding FBI undercover operations. We feel that the information contained in the FBI affidavit of November 19, 2008 raises serious questions regarding the reasons that Councilor Turner was targeted.
We feel that the actions of the FBI, especially regarding the timing of their actions and their use of the media, raise serious questions regarding whether the Turner action was a legitimate law enforcement activity.
We ask that the Department of Justice notify the FBI that this matter is under investigation and that the destruction of any FBI records regarding the case of Councilor Turner or the confidential witness or witnesses be prohibited.
Please feel free to contact us if further information is required to allow you to act on this request.
Signed for the Green-Rainbow Party with the approval of the Green-Rainbow Administrative Committee
Jill E. Stein, Co-chair, Green-Rainbow Party, Eli Beckerman, Co-chair, Green-Rainbow Party,
Green-Rainbow Party PO Box 440353 Somerville, MA 02144-0004
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Promoted to Headline (H3) on 2/7/09:Phantom arrest and bogus letter by FBI in 'Omaha Two' case targeted Black Panther leader Ed Poindexter
by Michael Richardson Page 1 of 2 page(s)
http://www.opednews.com
A secret and illegal war against domestic political activists was waged by the Federal Bureau of Investigation in the 1960's and 1970's called Operation COINTELPRO. The 'no holds barred' tactics of COINTELPRO were designed to "expose, disrupt, misdirect, discredit or otherwise neutralize" the Black Panthers.
In Omaha, Nebraska the chief targets of the FBI clandestine operation were Edward Poindexter and Mondo we Langa (formerly David Rice) who headed the Omaha chapter. J. Edgar Hoover, FBI director, personally monitored COINTELPRO actions and expressed his dissatisfaction with the Omaha FBI office in a December 10, 1969 memorandum for inactivity against the group.
Hoover ordered the Omaha Special-Agent-in-Charge to "give consideration to counterintelligence measures directed against these leaders to weaken or destroy their positions." Hoover told Omaha agents to make up a plan. "Evaluate your approach to this program and insure that it is given the imaginative attention necessary to produce effective results."
Political Research Associates maintain an archive of COINTELPRO documents, obtained under Freedom of Information requests. The PRA archives tell part of the story through heavily redacted COINTELPRO memos censored by FBI personnel.
The Omaha FBI office responded to Hoover's order to be "imaginative" and devised a plan to interfere with delivery of the Black Panther newspaper after chapter members picked it up from United Airlines Air Freight at Omaha's Eppley Airport.
On March 5, 1970, a new plan to harass the Panthers was devised targeting party chairman Ed Poindexter. In February the group's newsletter, edited by Mondo we Langa, had an article which said in part, "Our department Chairman, Ed Poindexter, wishes to extend his sincere thanks to the people in the Black Colony for their generous donations to get him out of jail on Wednesday."
Poindexter tells the story of his arrest. "I was arrested for drunk and disorderly. We had a little party one night to try to de-stress and let our hair down and have some fun for a change. I had a little bit too much to drink and my girlfriend had some kind of reaction, she just had a fit so we rushed her to the hospital. I was standing at the door of the emergency room and the firemen and the people in the emergency room had her strapped down on the table. She was hysterical. A fireman started smacking her back and forth, 'Snap to girl'. And I snapped. I went in and busted him and knocked him down and then I lost consciousness."
"The next thing I remember there was like four or five police officers on my back pulling me away from the door handle. Apparently, they had got me out of there but I was hanging on to the door handle trying to get back in. I can remember an officer started clubbing over my wrist to try and break my hold on the door….The next thing I remember I was in jail the next morning waking up."
"I had party members to raise bail to get me out of jail. It was just a simple assault, disorderly conduct….We posted some flyers around the community trying to raise $100 for bail. Later on a notice had been sent, a letter sent to the community that I wasn't arrested that night. That it never happened and that we defrauded the community of $100. I had Jim Carey, an attorney, look into that and he said man there is no record of an arrest, no record of my girlfriend having been taken into the emergency room. The whole thing was just erased from the record. Now that is no accident. It smacks of COINTELPRO. That is part of that Richard Nixon dirty tricks campaign to try and discredit us in the eyes of the community."
"But I've got the records in my room, they showed up 30 years later. I got a couple papers in my room of the arrest. I received a $50 fine for disorderly conduct."
The COINTELPRO memos of the incident suggest that the Omaha Police may have cooperated with the FBI and suppressed reports of the hospital altercation. It is equally possible the FBI memos are fraudulent since deception was at the heart of COINTELPRO tactics.
On March 5th the Omaha FBI office asked Hoover's permission to author an anonymous letter about the incident.
"Bureau authority is requested to write an anonymous letter to Black Panther Party Headquarters stating the above facts; also authority is requested to make anonymous phone calls to Negro militant [NAME REDACTED] and local Negro politicians and certain people in the Black Community stating the above facts."
On March 17, 1970, J. Edgar Hoover requested a copy of the anonymous letter. Further, Hoover ordered, "Furnish full identities of all local publications and other individuals whom you request to make anonymous phone calls to regarding this matter. Advise if calls to individuals are to be made to a residence or place of employment."
On March 25th the Omaha FBI office submitted the proposed anonymous letter and requested permission to send it to Black Realities, "a local Negro publication", and Everyone Magazine, "a monthly Negro publication published on Omaha's North Side", and the Omaha Star, "a weekly Negro newspaper."
The anonymous letter, penned by FBI agents in Omaha against Ed Poindexter, is located in the PRA archive of COINTELPRO documents.
"I wish to report a violation against the people by the leader of the United Front against Fascism in Omaha, Nebraska. Ed Poindexter claimed he was put in jail by the Pigs on Feb. 11 and he got donations from the people to get him out of jail. I gave two bucks. Last week while in the Pig Department i overheard a Pig laughing and telling another Pig (Black) how the Black Panther chief Poindexter screwed the people on the North side. The Pig said Poindexter was not in jail and he snowed the people getting donations for his bail money. If thats the kind of leaders you want in the panthers I don’t want to join. Power to the Pigs if thats how you treat us fellow brothers and sister. Right On. Former supporter of the BPP."
On April 3, 1970, Hoover authorized sending the bogus letter. "Take the usual security precautions to insure this letter and mailing cannot be traced to the Bureau."
"Advise the Bureau and San Francisco of any positive results obtained by means of this letter. You are also authorized to discreetly make anonymous local phone calls to the publishers of 'Black Realities,' 'Everyone magazine, and 'The Omaha Star,'….Use discretion in making these calls in insure that they cannot be traced to the bureau."
FBI dirty tricks escalated and when Omaha police officer Larry Minard was murdered on August 17, 1970 by an ambush bomb, Ed Poindexter and Mondo we Langa were targeted to take the blame for the crime. On August 19th Hoover ordered Ivan Willard Conrad, FBI Crime Laboratory director, to withhold a formal report on a voice analysis of the 911 recording of the Minard's killer luring police to a vacant house where the lethal trap waited.
The two Panther leaders were convicted in April 1971 by a jury that never heard the withheld 911 tape or knew anything about the FBI duplicity and targeting of the pair under the clandestine COINTELPRO operation.
Ed Poindexter and Mondo we Langa were sentenced to life imprisonment are held at the maximum-security Nebraska State Penitentiary where they both continue to deny any involvement in Minard's death. Poindexter has a new trial request pending before the Nebraska Supreme Court. No date for a decision has been announced.
February 18, 2009
J. Edgar Hoover used Omaha World-Herald as 'Whiteys newspaper' in FBI bogus letter against Ed Poindexter
J. Edgar Hoover, director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation for 48 years, waged an illegal, clandestine war on domestic political activists and groups called Operation COINTELPRO. Hoover declared the Black Panther Party the most dangerous of all and unleashed dirty tricks and illegal tactics with lethal ferocity. In Omaha, Nebraska the two principal targets of COINTELPRO were Edward Poindexter and Mondo we Langa (formerly David Rice).
Ed Poindexter was the Chairman of the local chapter known variously as the National Committee to Combat Fascism, the United Front Against Fascism, and the Nebraska Committee to Combat Fascism. Mondo we Langa was the Minister of Information and published the group's newsletter. Both men were targeted for harassment and special attention after Hoover complained the Omaha FBI office was not getting results against the Panthers.
On December 10, 1969, Hoover ordered the Omaha FBI Special-Agent-in-Charge to "give consideration to counterintelligence measures directed against these leaders to weaken or destroy their positions." Hoover told Omaha FBI agents to make up a plan against the Panther leaders. "Evaluate your approach to this program and insure that it is given the imaginative attention necessary to produce effective results."
Heavily redacted COINTELPRO files, now archived at Political Research Associates, tell part of the Omaha story. At least four COINTELPRO actions were planned and approved in 1970 against the Panthers. One plan was to ambush the delivery of the Black Panther Party newspaper after it arrived at Eppley Airport aboard United Airlines Air Freight. The FBI office was working with the airline to determine a pattern of newspaper pick-ups at the airport to 'disrupt' delivery of the papers.
A second plan revealed in the PRA archive of confidential FBI documents was directed against Poindexter and involved sending a bogus letter to the Omaha Star and two other 'Negro publications'. The plan used an anonymous letter accusing Poindexter of falsely soliciting for bail money after an arrest that purportedly never happened. Poindexter had gotten into an altercation at a hospital with authorities and ended up on the wrong end of a billy club. The FBI said the incident was never recorded and that was the basis for one of the agents drafting a bogus letter that was sent to the newspaper. Hoover also allowed anonymous calls to the publisher, which also occurred.
The third plan revealed in the COINTELPRO files involved another bogus letter and the Omaha World-Herald. The FBI disruption plan was proposed to Hoover on August 15, 1970 in a three-page memo. The proposal was to use an article published the day before in the Omaha World-Herald to discredit Poindexter and the Panther chapter with another bogus letter sent to Black Panther Party headquarters in California.
The Omaha World-Herald article was titled 'Panthers Cut Omaha Link' and made reference to a notice in a July issue of the Black Panther newspaper announcing the suspension of the Omaha chapter. The redactions of FBI censors prevent a clear understanding of the sequence of events and may cover up another COINTELPRO manipulation of the World-Herald or of the Panther publication. An anonymous phone call to the Omaha Panthers was made on August 4th which would indicate prior approval by Hoover to create a disruption.
What the August 15th COINTELPRO memo does reveal is that the Omaha FBI office wanted to send a copy of the clipping along with a bogus letter to David Hilliard, the Black Panther chief of staff. The plan was to drive a wedge between the Omaha chapter and the national office of the party.
The FBI had an informant in the local group who reported that they had not received the Black Panther newspaper "in the last three or four weeks" and thus were not aware of the July notice about the Omaha chapter. That information led to the anonymous call.
"It appears [REDACTED] misunderstood the phone call. In a newspaper article appearing 8/14/70, in the Omaha World Herald, a daily Omaha, Nebraska, newspaper, [REDACTED] states that a letter recently appeared in the BPP newspaper stating that the local NCCF was ending its affiliation with the panthers and that this letter was attributed to [REDACTED] and NCCF member, Raleigh House."
The Omaha FBI office requested permission to send copies of the letter to Hilliard at the national party headquarters, to the Omaha chapter, and to affiliate chapters in Kansas City and St. Louis.
A copy of the anonymous letter is included in the PRA archive. The letter targeted Ed Poindexter and although his name is redacted three times, the FBI censor missed one use of Poindexter's name revealing he was the subject of the bogus letter.
The fabricated letter was addressed to Hilliard. The letter covered the notice of expulsion and misunderstanding of the Omaha chapter's status with the Black Panther Party. The FBI letter also called the Omaha World-Herald newspaper "Whiteys newspaper".
"[Poindexter] has been rapping to the people, that the guys in California don't know what in the hell they are doing. In fact [Poindexter] said the same thing to Whiteys newspaper the Omaha World herald. I am sending you copies of this jive to show you who Poindexter thinks he is."
On August 17, 1970, two days after the Omaha FBI office asked for Hoover's permission to mail the letter about Poindexter and the World-Herald, a dispatcher at police headquarters received an anonymous phone call about a woman screaming in a vacant house. Four squad cars were sent to investigate the early-morning emergency call.
As eight officers searched the house and yard, one of them approached a suitcase near a doorway. A powerful explosion instantly killed officer Larry Minard, a 29 year-old father of five young children. In the hours following the deadly blast Omaha uniformed officers searched frantically for Minard's killers.
The FBI immediately joined the investigation and offered to analyze the 911 recording of the killer's voice that had lured Minard to his death. However, acting under COINTELPRO directives to "destroy" Ed Poindexter and Mondo we Langa's position as leaders of the Omaha Black Panthers, the FBI offer of help was tainted.
As day broke on the crime scene and investigators sifted through the bombing debris looking for clues, a new COINTELPRO action was being planned by Omaha FBI agents. Assistant Chief of Police Glen W. Gates met with the FBI and agreed that it was more important to stop the Black Panthers than find Minard's killers. An urgent COINTELPRO 'airtel' memo was drafted for FBI headquarters.
"By airtel 8/17/70 the Omaha Office has advised that the Omaha Police Department has requested laboratory assistance in connection with a bombing which took place in Omaha 8/17/70. This bombing resulted in the death of one police officer and the injuring of six other officers and is apparently directly connected with a series of racial bombings which Omaha Police have experienced. The Police were lured to the bomb site by a telephonic distress call from an unknown male."
"[REDACTED] of the Omaha Police has requested [REDACTED]."
"The SAC, Omaha strongly recommends that the assistance requested by the Omaha Police Department be conducted."
"[REDACTED] It is felt, in view of the SAC's recommendation and the significance of this case, an exception should be made in this case in order to assist the Omaha Police in developing investigative leads. The results of any examination will not be furnished directly to the Police but orally conveyed through the SAC of Omaha."
"If approved, the results of any examinations will be orally furnished the Police on an informal basis through the SAC, Omaha."
When the COINTELPRO memo reached the FBI Crime Laboratory two days later on August 19th the lab director, Ivan Willard Conrad, spoke by phone with Hoover over the unusual request to withhold a report on the killer's voice analysis. Conrad was given the go ahead to withhold evidence about the identity of the anonymous 911 caller. Conrad initialed the memo noting, "Dir advised telephonically & said OK to do."
The fix was in, Minard had not yet been buried and J. Edgar Hoover had already given the order to abandon the search for his killer to make a case against Ed Poindexter and Mondo we Langa.
On August 24th Hoover gave written approval to the earlier FBI bogus letter request about "Whiteys newspaper". At that point, Poindexter was already in custody and the search was on for Mondo we Langa. Both men were tried for Minard's murder.
Conrad followed orders and issued no report on the 911 tape. The jury that would convict the two Panther leaders never got to hear the recording of Minard's killer. Nor did the jury know about the existence of Operation COINTELPRO or that Poindexter and Langa had been targeted by the clandestine operation.
Raleigh House, named in the August 15th COINTELPRO memo, was identified at the trial as the supplier of the dynamite that killed Minard. A suspected informant, House faced no formal charges for supplying the explosives and only spent one night in jail before being released on his own signature by order of Arthur O'Leary of the county prosecutor's office.
Ed Poindexter and Mondo we Langa were convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment. Both are confined at the maximum-security Nebraska State Penitentiary where they continue to deny any involvement in Minard's death.
A new trial request over the withheld evidence and conflicting police testimony is pending before the Nebraska Supreme Court. No date for a decision has been set.
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Vol. 73/No. 11 March 23, 2009
The forum was held at the Malcolm X and Dr. Betty Shabazz Memorial and Educational Center, at the site of the Audubon Ballroom in Harlem where Malcolm X was fatally shot at the podium on Feb. 21, 1965. A report on the meeting appeared in the March 16 issue of the Militant.
I’m glad to be here with all of you this evening to help keep alive the legacy of one of the 20th century world’s most outstanding revolutionary leaders of working people, and of the struggle for Black freedom—Malcolm X. And not just a legacy, but above all a course of conduct to emulate.
There is much we may never know about Malcolm’s assassination in this very hall 44 years ago, since there are so many forces—the FBI and other federal police agencies, the New York cops, and those in and around what was then the leadership of the Nation of Islam—who have a stake in covering up the truth.
What I want to focus on, however, is the political course Malcolm was on during the final year of his life that made him so dangerous to—and so hated by—all those who unsuccessfully sought to prevent his example from becoming better known. Evolution didn’t end in Mecca In his book Dreams from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance, Barack Obama—the newly inaugurated president and commander-in-chief of the world’s final empire—has this to say: “If Malcolm’s discovery toward the end of his life, that some whites might live beside him as brothers in Islam, seemed to offer some hope of eventual reconciliation, that hope appeared in a distant future, in a far-off land.”
But Barack Obama gives us only the Malcolm of the Autobiography. Like many who seek to deny Malcolm’s revolutionary political course during the final months of his life, Obama freezes Malcolm’s political evolution in April 1964, with the pilgrimage to Mecca. It’s as if Malcolm had been assassinated 10 months before he actually was. Spike Lee’s movie does the same thing.
This is standard for those who would turn Malcolm into a moral or religious reformer, instead of a political leader who acted on the reality that the concessions working people win under capitalism are always a by-product of revolutionary struggle.
It’s standard for those who hold onto Malcolm X as a nationalist, rather than an internationalist champion of struggles by the oppressed and exploited the world over.
And we even hear it these days from some who try to twist and disfigure Malcolm X into a beacon of the growing minority among African Americans in the professional and middle classes who distance themselves more and more—socially and politically—from the great mass of working people, whose living and job conditions continue to get worse, and in whose interests Malcolm fought and died.
Yes, of course, if all Malcolm’s legacy amounted to was the hope that “some whites might eventually live beside him as brothers in Islam”—then, certainly, that’s quite a reach for the transformation of the United States and most of the rest of the world! It is a hope for “a distant future”—at the very best. Malcolm’s political legacy But Mecca was not the culmination of Malcolm’s evolution. He lived, learned, spoke, and fought for another 10 months!
And dozens of Malcolm’s speeches, interviews, and letters from those months are available in books kept in print primarily by Pathfinder Press. All of us can study—and work to emulate—what Malcolm actually said and set out to achieve.
In them we discover the Malcolm who—when asked by a Village Voice interviewer, just a few weeks before he was killed, whether his aim was to awaken Blacks to their exploitation—immediately shot back: “No, to their humanity, to their own worth.”
There we find the Malcolm who spoke out against those who don’t give women “incentive by allowing her maximum participation in whatever area of the society where she’s qualified.” Whatever country you visit, Malcolm said, “the degree of progress can never be separated from the woman.”
We find the Malcolm who rejected the Nation of Islam’s opposition to intermarriage, saying: “I believe in recognizing every human being as a human being—neither white, black, brown, or red… . It’s just one human being marrying another human being, or one human being living around and with another human being.”
It’s during those 10 months that we find the Malcolm who sought to unify the broadest layers—irrespective of religious beliefs, or absence of religious beliefs—in militant political action against every manifestation of racist bigotry, of capitalism’s economic and social exploitation, and of murderous imperialist wars—from the Congo, to Vietnam, to Cuba at the time, and today we can add Iraq, Gaza, Afghanistan, and Pakistan (where missile strikes by the Obama administration in recent weeks have killed at least 30 people).
In order to join in these struggles effectively, Malcolm said, you have to keep “your religion at home, in the closet”—because whether you are “a Methodist or a Baptist or an atheist or an agnostic,” or a Muslim, the oppressed catch the same hell. Internationalist revolutionary It’s during those 10 months that we find the Malcolm who told the Young Socialist magazine that his recent visits to Africa and the Middle East—meeting fellow fighters of all hues of complexion—had convinced him to stop referring to the course he advocated as “Black nationalism,” because, as Malcolm put it: “I was alienating people who were true revolutionaries dedicated to overturning the system of exploitation that exists on this earth by any means necessary.”
And that system has a name: capitalism. “You can’t operate a capitalistic system unless you are vulturistic,” Malcolm told a Harlem rally of the Organization of Afro-American Unity—in this very ballroom—in December 1964. And three days prior to his assassination he told a meeting at Columbia University, just a few blocks from here, “We are today seeing a global rebellion of the oppressed against the oppressor, the exploited against the exploiter.”
Malcolm X recognized it was necessary for African Americans and other oppressed and exploited working people and youth to together make a revolution in the United States, to take power out of the hands of the racist and war-making capitalist rulers. He was an internationalist revolutionary, part of a political convergence of revolutionary leaderships of the toilers from North America, to Cuba, Algeria, and elsewhere in Africa and the Americas.
Malcolm argued that this is a worldwide struggle, against a worldwide social system that not only expropriates the wealth that working people create with our labor. But above all, a system that denies us the human solidarity and civilization that social labor makes possible—that denies us, in Malcolm’s words, “our humanity, our own worth.”
Let me close with a few words about what we can and must learn from Malcolm’s assassination itself. We know that the U.S. rulers—and their massive political police apparatus at federal, state, and local levels—carry out systematic spying, harassment. And, when they need to, murderous violence against opponents of their policies.
Pathfinder publishes many titles detailing these cop operations against unions, fighters for Black liberation, communists and socialists, the movement against the Vietnam War, women’s rights activists, and others: Cointelpro: The FBI’s Secret War on Political Freedom and FBI on Trial: The Victory in the Socialist Workers Party Suit against Government Spying, among the many.
In the course of a 15-year-long campaign against the FBI and other federal cop agencies conducted by the political party I am a member of, the Socialist Workers Party—which ended in 1986 in a victorious federal court ruling against the U.S. government—the judge’s decision documented 204 burglaries of party offices between 1945 and 1966—that’s 204!; the use of 1,300 paid informers against the SWP between 1960 and 1976, including 300 planted as members; as well as firings, evictions, and so on.
We know the Chicago cops brutally assassinated Black Panther Party leader Fred Hampton while he was sleeping in his bed in 1969. And since the 1959 revolution in Cuba, Washington has organized more than 600 failed assassination attempts against Fidel Castro. And there are many, many other examples.
We have the right and the duty to demand that the government release all the files on their disruption operations against those involved in popular struggles here and around the world.
But those of us engaged on various fronts of the fight against exploitation and oppression need to look at and draw lessons from an even more fundamental political question. Because as Malcolm and other revolutionary leaders have taught us, it is how we act, what we say and do, how we organize to resist—in face of inevitable spying, provocations, and violence by the exploiters, which will continue so long as they hold state power—that ultimately settles defeat or victory. How we do it—not how someone does it for us.
The U.S. rulers wanted to get rid of Malcolm X. However much is still hidden from us, it’s clear nonetheless that Malcolm was assassinated by individuals in or around the organization he had been a leader of as recently as 18 months earlier: the Nation of Islam.
The U.S. rulers hated and feared the Grenada Revolution. But Maurice Bishop, its outstanding leader, was assassinated by a Stalinist gang within the governing New Jewel Movement, which in the process—as Fidel Castro so accurately explained—not only destroyed the revolution but handed the island over to U.S. imperialism on a silver platter.
During the 1970s and 1980s, Washington sent U.S. Special Forces to help the government in El Salvador defeat worker and peasant struggles led by the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, the FMLN. But world-class FMLN leaders such as Roque Dalton and Commander Ana María were brutally assassinated not by these U.S. or Salvadoran rightist squads, but by others within their own organization.
The U.S. government salted the Black Panther Party in the 1960s and early 1970s with scores of paid snitches. But why were these cop provocateurs able to get away with murderous internal violence and thuggery on such a scale in the Panthers that the organization was literally torn apart? Intolerable methods These are intolerable methods that the Stalinist movement in the 1930s picked up from the dog-eat-dog social relations of capitalism and injected into the unions and organizations of the oppressed.
Malcolm X hated these methods. He came to detest demagogy and thuggery. He knew what the cops and racist bigots were capable of. He knew the brutality he had been trained in as a leader of the Nation of Islam and its paramilitary Fruit of Islam. As he said of the Nation the day before his death, “I know what they can do, and what they can’t, and they can’t do some of the stuff recently going on.”
Beatings of Malcolm’s supporters and attempts on his own life escalated in early 1965, including the fire-bombing of his house that could have killed his daughters and his wife Betty.
Malcolm’s greatest concern was the blows being struck to the fight for liberation by the systematic violence being carried out by an organization claiming to speak on behalf of the oppressed—the Nation of Islam. “As we fight one another, they continue to rule,” Malcolm said.
There’s another, related lesson we must internalize, as a habit. The U.S. ruling families don’t operate primarily on the basis of plots and conspiracies. They don’t need to. They hold state power—the armed forces, the cops, courts, and prisons. They control the schools, the major newspapers, TV and radio stations.
Above all, their economic system exploits workers and farmers here and around the world, wrings unimaginable wealth from our labor, and reproduces those oppressive social relations every day, every week, every month, every year.
However great our justified distrust of the rulers and their government, focusing our attention on alleged conspiracies takes our eyes off these fundamental realities—that the source of society’s ills is the capitalist system, and we must organize a mass revolutionary movement of working people to take political power from the hands of the exploiting class.
What’s more, by diverting attention from our class enemy—for us in the United States, the capitalist rulers in this country, first and foremost—the endless pursuit of conspiracies too often ends up in scapegoating and baiting: Cui bono? Who benefits? Like the widely circulated anti-Semitic libel that Jews employed at the World Trade Center were warned beforehand not to come work on September 11.
Or the scapegoats can be the communists. Or anarchists. Or immigrants who are supposedly taking “our” jobs. Or the Blacks who are taking “our” spots in college and in graduate schools. Or feminists. Or greedy unions.
It’s all grist for the mill of the ultraright. Capitalist crisis, civil debate Capitalism is being shaken worldwide by the deepest contraction of production and trade since the Great Depression of the 1930s. And it has just begun.
Millions are being thrown onto the streets, with the hammer blows falling heaviest on workers who are African American or foreign-born. The capitalists are fanning reactionary trade protectionism, America Firstism, and assaults on immigrant workers. Jew-baiting is again on the march, as during the crisis of the 1920s and 1930s.
As the crisis of the capitalist system accelerates, there will be mounting resistance by working people in the United States and around the world.
As we organize to combat the wealthy families who own and control industry, the banks, land, and trade—as well as the Democratic and Republican parties that represent their class interests on the political level—it is essential that within the organizations of the working class and oppressed, we stand guard in defense of our ability to exchange experiences and opinions above all in a civil manner, to put opposing views to the test and draw a balance sheet—as we fight shoulder to shoulder for goals we share in common.
If we are able to do that, then we will truly be drawing on the enduring political contribution of the man who we are here to remember this evening—to remember accurately, and completely.
Murali Balaji, The Professor and the Pupil: The Politics and Friendship of W. E. B. Du Bois and Paul Robeson, New York: Nation Books, 2007.
W. E. B. Du Bois and Paul Robeson have been poorly served by their biographers. David Levering Lewis and Martin Duberman found these two US communist revolutionaries about as congenial as Philip Foner would find Frick and Rockefeller. They employed all the usual snide dismissals and overrulings-in-hindsight of the labor movement and its Marxist vanguard, and summed up their subjects as quixotic.
Nearly all the historians and biographers of the US communist movement find their subject perplexing and uncongenial. Academic scholars who build their careers on merciless competition for pelf and place have no experience of democratic discussion, collaborative work, and collective leadership. They have no appreciation of the daily rhythm of life for members of a Leninist party; their pulse does not quicken when bruiting phrases like "spring subscription drive" or "all out on Saturday" or "tabling on campus." They view life-or-death questions of party trade union fraction work as fruitless eccentricity. Communists building Black rights organizations can only be opportunists since they could never feel any real emotion about such a struggle, only "cold Bolshevik calculation."
The prospect of a dual biography of W. E. B Du Bois and Paul Robeson, focusing on their political work, and published by Nation Books (whose logo features red flames rising from a manual typewriter) could not help but excite all those who respect and seek humbly to continue Du Bois and Robeson's work. There were no smarter or more principled communist revolutionaries produced in the US. They came to the working class movement from different directions at different speeds and from different traditions. Their allegiance first and foremost to the Russian Revolution won them to the cause of building a communist party in the "belly of the beast."
Does The Professor and the Pupil by Murali Balaji measure up to the moral grandeur and intellectual authority of its subjects? Alas. . . . Balaji, while acquainted with the shifts in fortune of his subjects over time, seems to be of at least two minds about them, what they did, and even some facts. It is one thing to misspell the words Labour Party as "Labor Party" (p. 36) or to refer to "playwright Rockwell Kent" when discussing that fine painter and visual artist (p. 202), but can any scholar of 20th-century US communism afford to refer to the Palmer Raids as the "Palmer riots" (p. 324)?
Instead of the clean, clear communist vocabulary of Du Bois and Robeson themselves, from the start Balaji deploys a series of hopelessly vague and ultimately meaningless euphemisms. Balaji uses the word globalism to describe Robeson's political thought (p. xviii), but surely it is a mistake to use such a loaded modern word when describing the thinking of one of his subjects, when they themselves used the terms internationalism and communism.
Throughout, Balaji's vocabulary is both confusing and misleading. He refers to the anti-apartheid movement as a "political suffrage struggle in South Africa" (p. 160). At one point he even refers to Du Bois as a "class suffragist" (p. 44). This is taking prevarication to new heights.
The organizing principle of the book is that Robeson was Du Bois' pupil. The book itself, however, cuts against this thesis. Robeson was, in fact, far ahead of Du Bois in seeing the USSR's existence as a step forward for toiling humanity and US communists as the best allies in the Black liberation struggle. Du Bois was always a consistent supporter of the USSR, but found the early US Communist Party wanting. "Du Bois wrote that the Communists were led by 'a number of unprincipled fools' who used the Scottsboro case as a publicity tool to hinder the NAACP legal defense" (p. 53). Though unmentioned by Balaji, it was the sacred NAACP national leadership who initially refused to join the Scottsboro united front for fear the defendants might be guilty. The Communist Party and the International Labor Defense initiated the nationwide Scottsboro campaign and gave it authority through mass mobilizations that the NAACP leadership was compelled to respect.
A strength of Balaji's book is the clear picture it paints of the NAACP as an organization suffering under a leadership completely at odds with any advancement for "colored people." Cop-loving stool pigeons like Walter White and Roy Wilkins fought a war not against Jim Crow and the lynchocrats that ran the Democratic Party and the New Deal, but against any grassroots organizations or direct action programs for Black liberation, no matter how small the scale. Funded almost entirely by white philanthropists, the NAACP helped witch hunt and destroy both the Civil Rights Congress and the anti-imperialist Council of African Affairs, groups that sought to link the US Black struggle to the world anti-colonial upsurge that gained its greatest victories after World War Two. Du Bois first resigned and was later expelled from the NAACP over precisely the question of imperialism's relationship to Black oppression. Even while referring to US Communist Party leaders as "brazen jackasses" (p. 64) Du Bois fully endorsed their fightback program, castigating Walter White for ignoring tenants' rights, medical care, and Black economic independence (p. 74).
The Professor and the Pupil makes it clear that both Du Bois and Robeson's early radical sentiment was transformed into allegiance to Leninism both by the example of the USSR and the loyalty won by the Communist International among the best anti-colonial fighters of Asia and Africa. While never mentioning the central place communists, aided by the Comintern, came to give the US Black liberation struggle, Balaji does attempt to breathe life into revolutionaries now virtually erased from history. C. L. R. James, Benjamin Davis, William Patterson, Cyril Briggs, and Richard Moore are just a few of the communists from different traditions who made their presence felt in the lives of Du Bois and Robeson.
Labor Movement Slandered
Much of the characterization of Black revolutionaries in The Professor and the Pupil relies on vulgar anti-communism. Often the author's perspective indicates ignorance of the subjects themselves. He refers to Claude McKay, George Padmore, and C. L. R. James, who all rejected Stalinism as objectively counterrevolutionary, as "disenchanted Russophiles" (p. 105) as though questions of principle were not involved in their political evolution. (It is not hard to imagine what C. L. R. James might say to a scribbler who attributed his long life of scholarship and activism to "Russophilia." I am sure a cricket metaphor would be employed.)
There are a few salutary quotations that do offer political clarity. Du Bois in 1937 noted, in fact, that "the Russian people . . . need more (Karl) Radeks and fewer Stalins" (p. 110). But at the same time we suffer under Balaji's own brand of historical analysis: dwelling in his own voice on something he calls "Stalin's genocide" (p. 111) while never referring in that same voice to the real US-organized genocide against the Black nationality in North America and within the borders of Washington's growing world empire. However one sums up the Stalin leadership's legacy, the word "genocide," correctly defined, does not pertain. This is the kind of rhetorical inflation that has long made the Black Book of Communism school a laughing stock, cheapening powerful words through intemperate axe-grinding.
The CIO's central role in the 1930s in the anti-racist struggle is minimized in The Professor and the Pupil. Balaji writes: ". . . labor groups have long struggled with social chauvinism and in recent years many whites have left unionized jobs altogether, leaving a marginalized base of mostly minority workers with little political clout" (p. 133). Each word of this sentence expresses such breathtaking ignorance that it beggars reason. To begin with, trade unions have not shrunk in size because white workers left them; they shrank in numbers because of an unprecedented post-1975 union-busting drive by the US capitalist class and the dead-end class collaborationist political line clung to by union leadership at all levels. Second, trade unions have historically been the most integrated and least chauvinist institutions in class society. They were always one or two generations ahead of churches, universities, and all forms of media. To workers of all nationalities the phrase "an injury to one is an injury to all" is not a liberal moral abstraction: it is a question of life and death solidarity. Those who live in the bat's belfry of the capitalist superstructure's ivory towers might reflect on this from time to time.
Robeson: Vanguard Artist and Organizer
Paul Robeson was the greatest communist artist the United States produced. Spirituals, labor ballads, Soviet music, and Shakespeare were all part of his arsenal. As an actor, he knew playing Othello was a revolutionary act. As an activist, he knew Marxism was the strongest tool for the liberation of the Black nationality in the US and all workers and oppressed peoples of the world. He thrived within a developing US Marxist culture primarily centered on the CPUSA and was a consistent supporter and builder of that party. The main enemy, he knew, ran the land of his birth. One of that enemy's central supports, Jim Crow, it was his especial pleasure to help destroy.
Balaji acknowledges that for both Du Bois and Robeson nationalism was not an obstacle but a fuel for their work as revolutionaries. Historians drunk on the pragmatic politics of Wall Street's Tammany Hall-style Washington regime have never found the unity of working class and oppressed peoples' struggles permissible. "By early 1942, Du Bois was an admitted nationalist, at the brink of shunning any idea of Black advancement via white philanthropy" (p. 135). Both Du Bois and Robeson saw that the Black US "battle for freedom and equality is part of the battle of colored colonial peoples in Asia and Africa and the battles of serfs in Eastern Europe against feudalism" (p. 144).
Anti-communism with a Liberal Face
At the end of The Professor and the Pupil author Murali Balaji sums up his subjects. "Politics made both men, and ultimately destroyed them" (p. 435). This absurd statement is, for anyone who has read Du Bois and Robeson, studied their lives, or simply read the preceding pages of Balaji's own book, something on the order of a blood libel. Despite what he may conclude, the author has presented a picture of two men who died as their politics was achieving its greatest victories. Du Bois died a partisan and comrade of Mao and Nkrumah. Robeson, though not politically active in the last 10 years of his life due to poor health brought on in part by the witch hunt, was acknowledged by Black nationalists and communists at that time as a founding father of their work in the US working class.
Balaji reduces all politics to History Channel-style impressionism. He chalks up the FBI campaign against Du Bois and Robeson to J. Edgar Hoover's "growing paranoia" (p. 128). Regarding the barbaric bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, he writes: "Truman's atomic statement would be an emphatic start to the cold war and a dramatic reversal of Roosevelt's anti-imperialism" (p. 169). Has Balaji read what his own subjects wrote about Roosevelt's supposed "anti-imperialism"? The Professor and the Pupil is filled with this kind of obscurantist double-talk. Why else refer to an "atomic statement," or dismiss Oliver Tambo and Nelson Mandela as "aggressive nationalists" (p. 175)? Balaji tells us Du Bois and Robeson dreamed of something he calls "class parity" (p. 31) when in fact they fought for a dictatorship of the proletariat without balk or apology.
Regarding the Council of African Affairs, Balaji writes it off as "increasingly pro-Soviet and irresponsible in its advocacy" (p. 176) as the Cold War developed. He seems to think that Ralph Bunche finding a place in the US State Department is a more important step for the Black liberation struggle than independent Black political action free of the shadow of Jim Crow supporters like Franklin Roosevelt.
Inflated death tolls of the "victims of communism" so beloved of reactionary writers of the David Horowitz-Michael Savage-Jeanne Kirkpatrick axis of evil are presented here as fact. "Du Bois began to view China as a success story in implementing Soviet-style socialism, unaware that Mao's Great Leap Forward would eventually kill millions in Stalinized collectivization. The Doctor would even excuse China's occupation of Tibet, dismissing the Dalai Lama's right to rule" (p. 187). To begin with, Balaji gives -- and can give -- no documentation to his statement that "Mao's Great Leap Forward killed millions. . . ." There is no citation, and the figure itself has become a traditional piece of prop scenery in the theater of anti-communist mummery. Balaji is strangely quiet on statistics for the devastating human toll of racism, Jim Crow, and colonialism in this book. But he always has a body count ready to smear socialist countries.
Phrases like "the Dalai Lama's right to rule" (p. 187) also beg belief. The Dalai Lama had and has no more right to rule than any czar or Kaiser ever did. The reason the people of Tibet do not demand the return of the Dalai Lama is because they remember his rule and that of his predecessors: grinding down the populace in near-slavery and profound poverty.
Readers of The Professor and the Pupil may wonder how Balaji handles the Peekskill, New York anti-Robeson lynch mob riots of 1949. According to Balaji, there would have been no riots but for Robeson's "stubbornness in the face of pressure" (p. 275). It was all about ego, you see, not about building a united front to out-mobilize the lynchers and witch hunters.
Balaji calls Du Bois and Robeson "increasingly irrational" and "sentimental" (pp. 287, 381) for continuing their support of the USSR and communism into the 1950s. One almost feels that Balaji himself has become infected with the witch hunter's poison to try to police his subjects this way. He presents cooperation and capitulation to the witch hunt by Jackie Robinson and Langston Hughes free of such editorializing. Perhaps Robinson and Hughes will be the subject of Balaji's next dual biography?
Cuban Revolution Slandered
The lowest scholarly point in The Professor and the Pupil is reached with author Murali Balaji's unconscionable slander of the Cuban revolution. It epitomizes Balaji's slip-shod second-hand knowledge about the communist movement and anti-colonial struggles that were the central political reality of Du Bois and Robeson's lives.
"Marxists Che Guevara and Fidel Castro commandeered a seemingly improbable bloody revolt against the American-backed dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista" (p. 381). Just let that summing-up of the Cuban revolution linger for a moment. And let me quote again the part of the sentence that all history and scholarship refutes: "Marxists Che Guevara and Fidel Castro commandeered a seemingly improbable bloody revolt. . . ."
There are no citations to support this astounding example of ignorance.
Has Mr. Balaji read any books about the Cuban revolution? Even the most reactionary gusano would tell him Che and Fidel commandeered nothing; they and the July 26th Movement cadre initiated the Cuban revolutionary war. Even the CIA would tell Mr. Balaji that these revolutionaries did not become Marxists until well after January 1, 1959. Only when confronted with the impossibility of having a truly independent post-colonial country under the economic and political aegis of US imperialism did they realize that Marxism, and Marxism alone, offered them the chance of a free homeland.
Two Good Men
The class enemy Du Bois and Robeson fought and organized others to fight continues to enslave, exploit, and destroy in its search for greater and greater profits. Du Bois and Robeson were not the last of the great Black freedom fighters to be won to communism as the science of their struggle. They were among the first. Every accommodation with capitalism, every third-way fantasy, has left us further from the rebirth of our own power.
The liberal pragmatism and shallow instrumentalism of Murali Balaji and his ilk has not stopped one police shooting, one Jena, one eviction, one layoff, or the death of one child of color on this planet of slums. Du Bois and Robeson could not have been clearer: only independent Black political action, free of the Democrats, and free of the bourgeoisie and its night-riders, will lead to liberation.
Gang Stalking = COINTELPRO = STASI decomposition
The FBI and all law enforcement agencies are currently using a psychological warfare protocol like "COINTELPRO" which is almost identical to the STASI "decomposition". This is what people are referring to as Gang Stalking.
The earliest forms of this that I know of are from Egypt, Greece and Rome. Each of these societies had pervasive spy/informant networks that were spying on each other as well as looking for spies inside of their own empires. Anyone who did not feel that their own respective empire was the most perfect society could be considered a traitor. In other words they were looking for anyone who had thoughts beliefs and attitudes that were not approved of by the state that could instigate revolt or subversive activity or otherwise make them a danger to the empire. This obviously created a snitch culture and there were bound to be abuses. If a person was not liked by another then it was easy to persuade others to make a complaint and get that person killed or exiled. No one dare say or do anything that was politically incorrect and thus the rulers were able to maintain power and control over the people. Blatant execution or exile is common in an empire but in a democracy it is not as easy to accomplish these punishments so modern psychological operations were developed to accomplish these goals and in this way an empire can masquerade as a democracy.
The STASI decomposition protocol is an excellent example of how these modern psychological operations work. The STASI decomposition is almost identical to the FBI’s COINTELPRO. Here is a link to a document that shows an overview of the STASI decomposition.
· http://www.scribd.com/doc/71863415
· http://www.mediafire.com/?5w80dni99qc1c8w
Law enforcement agencies in concert with government and corporations are using bribery, deception, coercion & blackmail to create an informant & saboteur network out of criminals of all kinds, extremist groups, cults, patriotic zealots, the poor, the homeless, friends, family, neighbors, repair men, fire men, police, military personnel and agents to target individuals and groups that have beliefs and attitudes (such as civil rights and animal rights.) that may cause them to commit acts of terrorism at some future time or motivate others to commit terrorist acts or incite revolt. This pre-crime approach has existed numerous times throughout American history but has reared its ugly head again due to 9/11.
Unfortunately, according to former FBI agent Mike German, many post 9/11 targeted individuals are nothing more than a training exercise.
·
· http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COINTELPRO
Here is a lecture by Noam Chomsky that uncovers the root mindset in America that predicates the targeting of groups and individuals.
The real power behind gang stalking and many other terrible things is the minority of the opulent but the front group making all the policy changes these days is the neoconservatives. Neoconservatisim is a cult ideology that has been bankrolled and nurtured by the opulent just like all of the other cult ideologies created or co-opted by the opulent for their machinations.
· http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_for_the_New_American_Century
· http://www.newamericancentury.org/
· http://www.newamericancentury.org/lettersstatements.htm
· http://www.newamericancentury.org/statementofprinciples.htm
· http://www.newamericancentury.org/iraqclintonletter.htm
· http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Policy_Initiative
· http://www.foreignpolicyi.org/
· http://www.foreignpolicyi.org/foreignpolicy2011
· http://www.abovetheswamp.com/articles/political-issues/74-the-neocon-mind
Stalin and Hitler were fanatical leaders inspired by a gang mentality and by the concept of "historic mission." They believed that intolerance and large scale brutality were necessary ingredients of social order. Each of them was also supported by the “cult of personality.” The neocons are strikingly similar.
What are the components of gang mentality?
Reputation
· Extreme concern with reputation both inside and outside of the ideology. Neocons are this way.
Respect
· Extreme concern with respect both inside and outside of the ideology. Neocons are this way.
Retaliation
· No challenge will go unanswered. It is so with the neocons as well.
What is the concept of “historic mission”?
In a well documented conversation, Adolf Hitler berated the Austrian Chancellor Schuschnigg and stated…
"That is what you say!...But I am telling you that I am going to solve the so-called Austrian problem one way or the other...I have a historic mission, and this mission I will fulfill because Providence has destined me to do so...I have only to give an order and all your ridiculous defense mechanisms will be blown to bits. You don't seriously believe you can stop me or even delay me for half an hour, do you?"
Prominent neocon Michael Ledeen stated…
“Creative destruction is our middle name, both within our own society and abroad. We tear down the old order every day, from business to science, literature, art, architecture, and cinema to politics and the law. Our enemies have always hated this whirlwind of energy and creativity, which menaces their traditions (whatever they may be) and shames them for their inability to keep pace. Seeing America undo traditional societies, they fear us, for they do not wish to be undone. They cannot feel secure so long as we are there, for our very existence—our existence, not our politics—threatens their legitimacy. They must attack us in order to survive, just as we must destroy them to advance our historic mission.”
What is the cult of personality?
The cult of personality is explained pretty well here…
· http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult_of_personality
The Straussian philosophy is a cult of personality and the neocons follow the Straussian philosophy
· http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article13145.htm
If you select 1 percent of a population (Whistle blowers, dissidents, artists, those that look funny, and act or dress funny) and punish them severely for little or nothing, then you will gain the compliance of the other 99 percent either through fear or because they’ve been conned by the COINTELPRO/STASI type propaganda in to believing that the TI’s must be removed from society for the common good. Then you can implement the social, political and financial changes you want on a grand scale in a relatively short period of time. I.E. advance your historic mission. This has been done enumerable times throughout history.
When the average person considers what the Nazis or Stalin did, they are naturally horrified. When a banker considers what the Nazis or Stalin did they have dollar signs in their eyes. MONEY is the real reason this is happening!!! The bankers know that a one world government is not possible. Empire building has been going on for centuries and a global empire has never been realized. But if you understand finance, history, politics and the military industrial complex, then it is clear to see that it is the EXERCISE of building empires and large scale wars that redistributes the wealth of nations into the hands of the banking elite and keeps the masses under control.
Unfortunately most human beings don't understand how their own minds work nor are they well educated in multiple disciplines. Most of the people that perpetrate these crimes against humanity aren't fully aware that there is such a big conspiracy going on. It’s just that most human beings have so many inherent psychological weaknesses and such a deep lack of education that if you alter the socioeconomic landscape in just the right way, you get what you see here in America today.
· http://brainz.org/ten-most-revealing-psych-experiments/
Here are a few very credible documentaries that will help you to understand what’s really going on and hopefully survive…
· http://metanoia-films.org/psywar/#watch
· http://metanoia-films.org/human-resources/#watch
One of the biggest mistakes people make when they become TI’s is to attempt to create a counter spy network against those that are surveilling them. This is something that the neocons and the banking elite are OK with. A global spy counter spy network is much like the cold war and the cold war was extremely profitable for the banking elite not to mention a powerful pretext to control people. The global war on terror needs a global terrorist network and since there really is not one, many targets will be manipulated into acting out in ways that can classify them as terrorists thus creating the impetus for law enforcement agencies to demand more tax payer money to fight the war on terror. Targets are all better off contacting a civil rights group and explaining that they have reason to believe they have been placed on the terrorist watch list.
Do yourself a favor and learn as much about economics and finance as possible. It will help you survive. This is all the info you will need to be an educated investor. It’s not a get rich quick thing, just a solid economics and investing education.
· http://www.mediafire.com/?f0ep3y537y6hlxy
· http://www.mediafire.com/?7jyqc3yjoy78uqr
· http://www.mediafire.com/?hrxa7ca24n7h0uk
Also, listen to as many lectures by Professor Noam Chomsky as possible. They are all over the internet. He is brilliant and has been exposing the machinations of the opulent (Rothschild, Rockefeller etc) for decades. His research is very credible and will help you to separate the facts from the propaganda and give you a measure of mental clarity and peace. Utilizing his research will also help you gain some of your credibility back with others.
Try to explain all of this to your friends and family. Usually when people see the mission statement of the neocons from their websites (PNAC & FPI) they start listening.
According to anti-communist author Ludwik Kowalski
“Mass murder occurs when brutal and sadistic criminals, to be found in every society, are promoted to positions of dominance, when propaganda is used to dehumanize the targeted population and when children are inoculated with intolerance and hatred. It occurs when victims ("inferior races" or "class enemies") are excluded from the norms of morality, when ideological totalitarianism is imposed and when freedom is suspended. Fear and violence, the preconditions of genocide, are likely to be found in societies with large numbers of thieves and informants.”
Here is some info on how to take care of your physical health.
· http://www.mediafire.com/?obd4zl5rrjbvwr1
Visit this YouTube channel and watch everything on it. You will gain a clear understanding of what’s really going on.
· http://www.youtube.com/user/phrygian20
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